U.S. Department of Justice
Federal Bureau of Prisons

Program
Statement

OPI:
NUMBER:
DATE:
SUBJECT:

CPD/CSB
P5522.01
2/24/2005
Ion Spectrometry Device
Program

“CORRECTED COPY 3/30/07 TO CHANGE
POLICY NUMBER FROM P5520.01 TO
P5522.01"

1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE. To provide instructions for implementing
the Bureau’s (Bureau) Ion Spectrometry Device Program at Bureau
institutions.
The possession and use of illegal substances by prison inmates
seriously jeopardizes the Bureau’s mission. The ion spectrometry
device program is a minimally intrusive method for screening
people, their belongings, mail, and packages for the presence of
illegal substances.
—

Using the well established scientific principles of gas
chromatography and mass spectrometry, the device
detects trace amounts of illegal substances which may
be present on the person or thing tested.

—

The device is not used to detect an individual’s use of
illegal substances.

—

The device manufacturer provides instructional and
technical information on operation and maintenance.

Bureau procedures for searching inmates and non-inmates are well
established. Refer to the Program Statements on Searching,
Detaining, or Arresting Persons Other than Inmates for procedures
on testing employees. Further, refer to the Program Statement on
Searches of Housing Units, Inmates, and Inmate Work Areas. This
Program Statement supplements those policies insofar as the ion
spectrometry device program is another method for searching
persons and things lawfully for the presence of illegal
substances.

P5522.01
2/24/2005
Page 2
Operating the device requires strict compliance with the
manufacturer’s specifications and this Program Statement to
ensure the test results’ accuracy, reliability, and overall
integrity.
2. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES.
are:

The expected results of this program

a. The amount of illegal substances entering federal prisons
will be reduced.
b. Decisions to deny visitors or property entry to federal
prisons will be based on accurate device test results.
c. Visitors denied entry to Bureau facilities will be able to
appeal the decision(s) in their cases.
3.

DIRECTIVES REFERENCED
P1330.13
P5270.07
P5500.11
P5500.12
P5510.09
P5521.05

4.

Administrative Remedy Program (12/22/95)
Inmate Discipline and Special Housing Units
(12/29/87)
Correctional Services Manual, (10/10/03)
Correctional Services Procedures Manual (10/10/03)
Searching, Detaining, or Arresting Persons Other
than Inmates (3/6/98)
Searches of Housing Units, Inmates, and Inmate
Work Areas (6/30/97)

STANDARDS REFERENCED

a. American Correctional Association 3RD Edition Standards for
Adult Correctional Institutions: 3-4179 and 3-4445
b. American Correctional Association 3RD Edition Standards for
Adult Local Detention Facilities: 3-ALDF-3A-01 and 3-ALDF-5D-15
5.

DEFINITIONS

a. Confirmed Positive Test Result exists after the following
three things have occurred:
(1) an initial positive test for an illegal substance(s);
(2) followed by a “clear” test;
(3) followed by a positive confirmation test for the same
illegal substance(s).

P5522.01
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Page 3
b. Reasonable Suspicion exists if the facts and circumstances
known to the staff member warrant rational inferences by a person
with correctional experience that a person is engaged in,
attempting, or about to engage in, criminal or other prohibited
behavior.
—

“Hunches,” "gut feelings,” and “mere suspicion,” alone,
do not meet the reasonable suspicion standard.
However, such "feelings" legitimately support continued
observation, investigation, and/or questioning, which
may provide the necessary evidence to meet the
reasonable suspicion standard.

6. PROGRAM MANAGEMENT. The following staff are responsible for
managing the ion spectrometry device program:
a. National Program Coordinator. The National Program
Coordinator is a Central Office position assigned by the
Assistant Director, Correctional Programs Division. This person
is responsible for drafting and implementing national policy, as
well as assisting the regional and institution coordinators with
program training and implementation.
b. Regional Program Coordinator. The Regional Program
Coordinators are regional positions assigned by each Regional
Director. These persons are responsible for assisting
institution program coordinators with program training and
implementation.
c. Institution Program Coordinator. The Institution Program
Coordinator is at the supervisory level. The Institution Program
Coordinators are institution positions assigned by each Warden at
institutions using the ion spectrometry device program. These
persons are responsible for the following:
(1) Assigning Operator Privilege Levels. Institution
Program Coordinators assign operator privilege levels as required
and defined by the manufacturer's specifications. These levels
may include the following:
(a) Administrator. The Institution Coordinator and at
least one alternate are assigned “Administrator” level
privileges. Administrators can perform all functions of both the
operator and supervisor levels.
(b) Supervisor. Staff supervising daily operation of the
ion spectrometry device program are assigned “Supervisor” level
privileges. Supervisors can perform all functions of the
operator level.

P5522.01
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Page 4
(c) Operator. Staff performing daily operation of the
ion spectrometry device, who have been properly trained, are
assigned “Operator” level privileges. Operators can perform
basic functions such as analyzing samples and printing test
results.
(2) Operator Training. Institution Program Coordinators
ensure staff operating the device are trained according to the
device manufacturer’s specifications as well as this Program
Statement, prior to assuming a post assigned operator level
privileges.
(3) Mobility and Storage. Institution Program Coordinators
ensure the device is mobile, to allow testing in various
locations, and stored in an area inaccessible by inmates and nonstaff when not used.
(4) Purchasing, Storage and Accountability of Supplies.
Prior to purchasing an ion spectrometry device, institutions
should check with the Office of Security Technology to ensure the
device will meet the needs of the agency. Institution Program
Coordinators maintain an adequate level of device supplies in a
secure area, according to the manufacturer specifications.
(5) Scheduled Maintenance. Institution Program
Coordinators perform and document necessary device maintenance
and repairs according to manufacturer specifications. The
Maintenance Record Summary form (BP-S728) for recording all
maintenance and repairs performed on the device.
(6) Oversight of Testing Procedures. Institution Program
Coordinators ensure daily operation of the ion spectrometry
device program is performed in accordance with manufacturer
specifications and Bureau Policy. This includes calibration of
the machine.
(7) Use of Equipment by Non-Bureau Staff. Institution
Program Coordinators ensure the device is used by non-Bureau
staff, e.g., loaned to other law enforcement agencies, only
pursuant to the terms of a Memorandum of Understanding with such
agencies.
(8) Compliance with State Requirements. Institution Program
Coordinators will ensure the device is registered in accordance
with state guidelines, if necessary.

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7. STANDARD EQUIPMENT SETTINGS. This section prescribes
standard settings and practices for implementing the program in
Bureau institutions. The Regional Program Coordinator’s approval
is required prior to changing these settings.
a. Positive Alarm Threshold Levels. To minimize positive test
results based on a visitor's casual contact with an illegal
substance(s), the device will be set at the manufacturer’s
recommended positive alarm threshold levels.
b. Audible Alarm Turned Off. Any audible alarms should be
turned off to minimize possible embarrassment and disruption when
registering a positive test result. Depending upon the
make/model of the machine, this function may have to be performed
by the Institution Program Coordinator. Instead, a positive test
result will only appear to the operator on the screen and
computer printout.
c. Printing Positive Test Results. The device should be set
to print all positive test results automatically for
preservation.
—
8.

The device will not be set to print negative test
results.

SELECTION METHODS FOR TESTING VISITORS

a. Visitor Testing. All visitors, including contractors and
volunteers, except as noted below, are subject to testing through
the ion spectrometry device program.
—

Ordinarily, Department of Justice employees, state and
local law enforcement personnel, Members of Congress,
and members of the Judicial Branch are not screened by
the device. However, the Warden reserves the right to
test these individuals prior to entering the
institution.

—

The institution will inform all future contractors and
volunteers that they are subject to screening by this
device during their orientation. The warden will
ensure volunteers and contractors are notified they may
be subjected to ion spectrometry testing.

b. Random Selection Testing. While all visitors are subject
to testing, institution resources and time management will
ordinarily make testing every visitor impractical.

P5522.01
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Page 6
—

Consequently, random visitor testing is recommended.

Random selection of visitors for testing must be conducted in
an impartial and nondiscriminatory method. While the daily
method of random selection is within each institution’s
discretion, the following guidelines are recommended to ensure
consistency and integrity.
(1) A different random selection method must be determined
each day prior to testing visitors. Once determined, it must be
recorded on the Daily Pre/Post Operation Log (BP-S729) and the
Daily Testing Log (BP-S730) in the spaces provided. The
Institution Program Coordinator, or designee, will be responsible
for determining what random selection method will be used.
(2) Recommended random selection methods include, but are
not limited to, the following examples, using numbers between one
and ten:
(a)
(b)
(c)

"Every third visitor";
"Test four, skip two"; or
"Test two, skip four, test three, skip four."

c. Reasonable Suspicion Testing. Visitors may be tested out
of random order when reasonable suspicion exists, suggesting the
visitor’s possible involvement with illegal substances.
Reasonable suspicion testing is permitted in the following
situations:
(1) Observed Suspicious Behavior. Staff may observe
behavior of a visitor which suggests possible involvement with
illegal substances and meets the reasonable suspicion standard.
For example, the visitor may attempt to place him/herself in a
processing order which would result in no random testing, or the
visitor may display excessive nervousness during questioning or
otherwise.
—

Staff must be able to define and articulate
specific behavior which meets the reasonable
suspicion standard. However, if unsure such
behavior meets this standard, employees will
contact their supervisor.

—

Additionally, intelligence information which meets
the reasonable suspicion standard may justify
testing out of random order, even if unsupported
by objectively observed behavior, e.g.,
information obtained from a reliable confidential
informant shortly before a visit occurs. In these

P5522.01
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Page 7
circumstances, the supervisor or the Institution
Program Coordinator will make the decision to test
out of random order. Ordinarily, this will be
communicated in writing.
(2) Inmate Suspect List. Intelligence information may meet
the reasonable suspicion standard and suggest a particular
inmate's possible involvement with illegal substances, e.g.,
monitored telephone calls, confidential informants, mail
monitoring, financial transactions, urine surveillance, etc.
—

SIS staff should provide the Institution Program
Coordinator a list of inmates whose visitors
should be tested out of random order due to the
presence of reasonable suspicion that the inmate
is involved with illegal substances. The testing
of specific visitors of listed inmates is at the
discretion of the Institution Program Coordinator.

—

The Institution Program Coordinator must provide
this list of inmates whose visitors must be tested
out of random order to staff operating the device.

(3) Persons Accompanying a Visitor Who Tests Positive. If
an inmate visitor produces a confirmed positive test result for
an illegal substance(s), and is accompanied by other person(s)
requesting to enter the institution, all persons accompanying
that visitor should be tested prior to their entering the
institution.
(4) Visitors Previously Testing Positive. Visitors who
previously produced confirmed positive test results for an
illegal substance(s) must be tested upon returning to visit for a
period of one year from the date of the last confirmed positive
test result. After the one year period, the visitor should
return to random testing. Procedures will be developed locally
to determine how the names of such visitor’s will be maintained
to provide confidentiality and accessibility.
9. PRE-TESTING PROCEDURES. Devices operators must perform the
following standard pre-testing procedures prior to daily testing
of persons or things.
a. Documentation. Use the Daily Pre/Post Operation Log (BPS729) to document completed pre-testing procedures.
b. Maintenance Review. Review the Maintenance Record Summary
form (BP-S728) to ensure scheduled maintenance was performed.

P5522.01
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Page 8
c. Supplies. Contact the Institution Program
Coordinator/Supervisor if additional supplies are needed.
d. Random Selection Method. If preparing to test visitors,
establish a random selection method.
e. Clean Test Area and Equipment. Clean the device and
immediate work area with pre-saturated wipes to minimize the
potential for contamination of test results.
f. Pre-Test Validation. Perform the manufacturer's pre-test
validation steps to ensure the device is operating correctly.
Successfully performing and documenting these steps is required
to support the test results’ validity. Print and save all
validation test results. A complete copy of the manufacturer’s
handbook will be kept with the machine and/or otherwise readily
available for use.
—

If the device fails to complete any of the validation
steps successfully, it should be assessed for necessary
troubleshooting, maintenance, or repair.

—

Upon correcting the situation, all pre-test procedures
must be repeated successfully prior to performing
actual tests.

—

Device operators must wear clean white cotton gloves
while performing validation procedures. White cotton
gloves must be used instead of latex or other type
gloves. For cost effectiveness, institutions should
wash these gloves in the institution laundry and re-use
them. The program coordinator will ensure a sufficient
quantity of clean gloves are on hand at all times.

—

Work Area Test. Conduct a sample test of the immediate
surrounding work area, including the gloves that are
worn. This step ensures the absence of contaminants in
the work area. Record the results on the Daily
Pre/Post Operation Log (BP-S729). If a positive test
result is obtained, the area must be re-cleaned and
tested until a negative result is obtained.

10. VISITOR TESTING PROCEDURES. Use the following procedures
for testing all visitors under the program.

P5522.01
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Page 9
a. Controlled Area. Conduct testing in a controlled area
which, following each test, prohibits contact between processed
and unprocessed visitors. This minimizes the opportunity for
visitors to transfer illegal substances after testing.
b. Documentation. Document all visitor testing on the Daily
Testing Log (BP-S730).
c. Explanations to Visitors. Carefully explain the testing
process to visitors, being certain to cover the following points:
(1) The device tests for the presence of illegal
substances, not an individual’s use of illegal substances.
(2) Explain the manner in which the test will be conducted,
e.g., “the hand-held device will be passed over your hands, pants
pockets, waist area, pants cuffs (or shoe area), and personal
identification.”
(3) Visitors are free to refuse the test and depart the
institution grounds immediately.
—

A visitor's refusal to be tested, by itself, is
not a sufficient basis for detaining the
individual or contacting federal/local law
enforcement for further investigation. This
information, however, should be relayed to the SIS
Office for intelligence purposes.

d. Testing Method.
device over:
—
—
—
—
—

Test visitors by passing the hand-held

their hands (palm and back),
the tops of the front pants pockets,
the visitor's waist area,
the pants cuff (or shoe area), and
personal identification (both sides).

The visitor must remain directly in front of the testing
station during all testing procedures.
e. Initial Test Results. All initial test results, whether
positive or negative, must be recorded on the Daily Testing Log
(BP-S730).
(1) Visitors testing negative should be permitted entry
unless prohibited for other reasons.

P5522.01
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Page 10
(2) Visitors testing positive must remain at the testing
station for further processing under Section 11.
11. CONFIRMATION TESTING PROCEDURES. Use these procedures to
confirm a visitor’s initial positive test result:
a. Explanations to Visitors. Staff must carefully and
professionally explain to the visitor that a repeat test must be
performed to confirm the initial test’s accuracy.
(1) The visitor must remain directly in front of the
testing station during the confirmation testing, and may not use
the restroom or otherwise attend to personal hygiene before
confirmation testing. Any violation of this rule will result in
a supervisor being notified to determine if the visitor will be
allowed to visit on this date.
(2) The visitor is free to refuse confirmation testing and
depart the institution grounds immediately.
—

A visitor's refusal to be tested, by itself, is
not a sufficient basis for detaining the
individual or contacting federal/local law
enforcement for further investigation. This
information, however, should be relayed to the SIS
office for intelligence purposes.

b. “Clear” Test Procedures. Perform the following “clear”
test to eliminate the possibility that equipment contamination
caused an initial positive test result.
(1) Remove original gloves and replace with new ones. Wipe
the surface area of the testing device with a pre-saturated wipe.
(2) With a fresh testing device, test the actual gloves
that will be worn by the operator. If this test is positive,
repeat the “clearing” process until a negative test is obtained.
If a negative test cannot be obtained, the Institution Program
Coordinator should be contacted for possible troubleshooting,
maintenance, or repair of the device. Once a negative test is
obtained, proceed with the confirmation test.
—

If a negative “clear” test cannot be obtained and
testing is halted for the day, visitors should not be
denied entry solely on an unconfirmed initial positive
test result.

P5522.01
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Page 11
c. Confirmation Test. Conduct a confirmation test of the
visitor similar to the initial test. Confirmed positive test
results must be documented on the Positive Alarm Log (BP-S731).
Visitors testing negative should be permitted entry unless
prohibited for other reasons.
—

A confirmation test which is negative for the
substance(s), which initially tested positive, but
positive for a new substance(s), must be treated as an
initial positive test for the new substance(s). A
confirmation test for the new substance(s) must be
performed according to these procedures.

12. CONFIRMED POSITIVE TEST RESULTS. Staff must take
precautions to prevent illegal substances from entering Bureau
institutions.
—

This includes the possibility that a visitor may
conceal an illegal substance(s) in a body cavity, or by
oral consumption, which is expelled after gaining
entrance to the institution.

—

Furthermore, delivery of an illegal substance(s) can
occur directly to an inmate or other person, or may be
concealed on the institution grounds for later
retrieval by an inmate or other person.

Consequently, to protect the safety, security, and orderly
operation of Bureau institutions, a confirmed positive test
result for an illegal substance(s) may satisfy the reasonable
suspicion standard warranting further investigation, searches,
controlled visitation, or denied visitation.
—

Consistent with the Program Statement
Detaining, or Arresting Persons Other
Wardens should assess every situation
visitor produces a confirmed positive
merits in reaching a final decision.

—

Pursuant to that Program Statement, Wardens possess
broad discretion to require pat/visual searches as a
prerequisite to visitation, controlled or non-contact
visitation, or a complete denial of visitation.

on Searching,
than Inmates,
in which a
test on its own

a. Pat or Visual Searches. Refer to Program Statement on
Searching, Detaining, or Arresting Persons Other than Inmates.

P5522.01
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Page 12
b. Controlled Visitation. Visitors producing a confirmed
positive test result may be subject to restricted visiting in
accordance with the Program Statement on Searching, Detaining, or
Arresting Persons Other than Inmates. As indicated in that
policy, the Warden must authorize controlled visitation.
c. Denied Visitation. Visitors producing a confirmed positive
test result may be denied visiting in accord with the Program
Statement on Searching, Detaining, or Arresting Persons Other
than Inmates.
—

Denial of visitation must be authorized by the Warden
or designee.

—

If denied visitation based on a confirmed positive test
result, the visitor may seek a re-entry after 48 hours.

—

Subsequent confirmed positive tests which result in
denial of visitation will be handled as follows:

(1) Second Occurrence. The visitor’s visiting privilege
will be suspended for 30 days.
(2) Third Occurrence. The visitor’s visiting privilege
will be suspended for 90 days.
(3) Fourth and Subsequent Occurrences. The visitor’s
visiting privilege will be suspended for 180 days.
Another institution may use a visitor’s previously confirmed
positive test results from one institution as a foundation for
increasing the consequences of the same inmate visitor
incrementally, as indicated above.
d. Explanations to Visitors. Staff authorized to deny a visit
must explain carefully and professionally to the visitor that he
or she tested positive for the presence of an illegal substance,
and the resulting consequences. When denying visitation, staff
must also observe the following procedures.
—

If visiting is denied, the visitor will be given a
completed Notice of Denied Visitation form (BP-S732).

This form also instructs the visitor how to appeal a denial of
visitation to the Warden (see Section 15).
(1) Visitors must be reminded the device tests only for the
presence, and not the use, of illegal substances.

P5522.01
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(2) Visitors must not be informed of the type of substance
for which they tested positive.
—

This is to prevent the visitor from fabricating a
physician's verification which attempts to justify
the presence of the particular substance.

(3) Staff must not explore or discuss with visitors the
possible source(s) from which contact with an illegal
substance(s) may have occurred.
—

Staff may inform visitors, however, that the
device is calibrated to register positive test
results only at levels greater than would normally
be encountered through casual contact.

e. Documentation. Complete and accurate documentation is
vital to the program’s integrity. The following documentation
must be completed and retained following every visitor’s positive
confirmation test for an illegal substance(s).
(1) Positive Alarm Log (BP-S731, Page 1). This includes
recording pertinent information as defined on the form and
attaching the device's relevant computer printouts.
(2) Positive Alarm History (BP-S731, Page 2). Once
completed, this includes the visitor’s prior history of confirmed
positive test results, if any, obtained from the Inmate Visiting
Computer Program. Attach the visitor's Notice of Denied
Visitation form (BP-S732 to this form.
(3) Inmate Visiting Computer Program "COMMENTS."
appropriate entry noting the:
•
•
•
•

Ensure

date,
time,
positive alarm, and
the consequence resulting from each positive test.

13. INMATE TESTING. Consistent with the Program Statement on
Searches of Housing Units, Inmates, and Inmate Work Areas, the
ion spectrometry device may be used to test for the presence of
illegal substances on inmates, their personal belongings, housing
units, and work areas.
The following implementing procedures apply:

P5522.01
2/24/2005
Page 14
a. Pre/Post Testing Procedures. Staff must follow the pre and
post-testing procedures described in Sections 9. and 14 including
using a Daily Pre/Post Operation Log form (BP-S729).
b. Testing Procedures. Staff must follow the manufacturer’s
specifications for performing tests of persons, places, and/or
objects.
c.

Positive Test Results

(1) Positive test results must be documented and maintained
by the Institution Program Coordinator and include:
(a)
(b)

date and time test was performed;
person, place or thing producing the positive test
result;
inmate name and register number (if any) associated
with the positive test result; and
the device operator’s name and signature.

(c)
(d)

(2) An initial positive test result for an illegal
substance(s) may be used to justify further investigative
activity, e.g., inmate interviews, placements in administrative
detention, reasonable suspicion urinalysis testing and placement
on a suspect test list, visual search of inmate and living
quarters, focused correspondence or telephone reviews, etc.
—

Evidence obtained as the result of further
investigation may support inmate disciplinary
proceedings.

An initial positive test result may also be used to support
programming decisions reasonably related to the inmate’s possible
involvement with illegal substances, e.g., revocation of gate
pass or community program involvement.
—

Such administrative status changes should relate
only to those programming aspects connected to the
suspected means of introducing, distributing, or
using illegal substances. Such program changes
are not punitive in nature, but rather reasonably
related to the legitimate penological interests of
preventing inmate use of illicit substances.

d. Inmate Discipline. Staff must not initiate inmate
discipline proceedings based solely on a positive ion
spectrometry device test result for illegal substance(s). Under
the Program Statement on Inmate Discipline and Special Housing
Units, “possession” and/or “introduction” of illegal substance

P5522.01
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Page 15
charges are ordinarily understood to apply when usable amounts of
illegal substance(s) are confiscated, e.g., amounts visible to
the unaided observer.
Consequently, evidence in addition to the positive ion
spectrometry device test result itself must exist to support
inmate disciplinary proceedings, e.g., a usable amount of illicit
substance, or a positive urinalysis test.
14. POST-TESTING PROCEDURES. The following standard posttesting procedures must be followed at each institution using an
ion spectrometry device. The post-testing procedures must be
followed regardless of the type testing performed that day, e.g.,
visitors, inmates, or packages.
a. Post-Testing Validation Test. After completing the day’s
testing, perform a validation test identical to the one performed
at the beginning of the day’s testing (see Section 9.f.). Record
the results on the Daily Pre/Post Operation Log (BP-S729).
b. Storage. When not used for testing, the Institution
Program Coordinator must ensure the device is stored in an area
inaccessible by inmates and non-staff.
15.

APPEALS

a. Visitors. Visitors denied entrance to an institution based
on a confirmed positive test result for the presence of an
illegal substance(s) may appeal in writing to the Warden.
—

Written appeals should indicate the visitor's name,
address, and purpose for visiting, including the
inmate's name and register number, if applicable.

—

Written appeals should also indicate the location,
date, and time of testing positive. Visitors appealing
the denial of a visitation may include a physician's
verification indicating a prescribed substance(s), in
an effort to justify confirmed positive test results.

—

If dissatisfied with the Warden’s response, visitors
may further appeal to the appropriate Regional
Director. Wardens’ responses should inform the visitor
of the identity and location of the appropriate
Regional Director.

P5522.01
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Page 16
—

If dissatisfied with the Regional Director’s response,
visitors may further appeal to the Assistant Director,
Correctional Programs Division, Central Office.
Regional Directors’ responses should inform the visitor
of the identity and location of the Assistant Director.

b. Inmates. Inmates may seek formal review of grievances
through the Bureau’s Administrative Remedy Program.
16. TRAINING. The Institution Program Coordinator shall ensure
staff operating the device are trained to the manufacturer’s
specifications. No staff shall be expected to operate the device
without proper training.
17. RECORD KEEPING. The SIS will retrieve and maintain all
records referred to in this Program Statement. The IPC will
ensure all required forms and notices were completed and
forwarded to the appropriate staff member(s). All records will
be retained for a minimum period of two years.
18. INSTITUTION SUPPLEMENT. Each institution using an ion
spectrometry device will have an Institution Supplement
indicating the Institution Program Coordinator by title.

/s/
Harley G. Lappin
Director