IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

2

FOR THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF NORTH CAROLINA

3

CHARLOTTE DIVISION
NO. s:10-cv-125

4
5

6
7

T.AIVWY LOU FONTENOT, as
Administratrix of the Estate of
DARRYL WAYNE TURNER,
deceased,

Plaintiffs,

8
9
10

v.
TASER INTERNATIONA L, Inc.,
Defendant.

11

12
13

14

DECLARATION OF GARY M. VILKE, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

15
16

I, Gary M. Vilke, state the following:

I am. a competent adult and have personal knowledge of the following
facts.

17
18

2.

19

20
21
22

Attached hereto is a true and accurate copy of my expert report submitted
in the Tammy Lou Fontenot, et al. v. TASER .lnternafional, Inc. litigation..
Experts iu my ;(ield reasonably a.nd customarily rely on the foct.<I and
materials underlying my opinions. My opinions are expressed to a
reasonable degree of medical certainty.

3.

foregoing statements are true.

23
24

25

Date:-11/_-z."l--1--/,_..._ __
Gary M. Vilke, M.D .• FACEP, FAAEM

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27

28

EXHIBIT
3

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 1 of 72

•

Garv M Vilke. MD., FACEP, FAAE M
San Diego, Calijornta Y21 J 1

November 30, 20 I 0
RE:

Tammy Lou Fontenot v. TASER International, Inc., et al.

I.

Introduction

I am a board-certified emergency department physician with substantial experie

nce in sudden

cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death, including ~y service as the Medical
Director of the
American Heart Association Training Center at the University of California,
San Diego Center for
Resuscitation Science for the past three years. I am also an independent research
er on the effects of
•

TASER electronic control devices (ECDs) on humans, and am knowledgeable
of the state of
medical and scientific research on ECDs.

I have been retained as an expert in this lawsuit by John

Maley of the law firm of Barnes & Thornburg, to review relevant materials and
provide expert
opinion on the matter, including the state of the medical and scientific literatur
e as of the date of the
incident, March 20, 2008, and today, and to consider and render expert opinion
on the cause of
Darryl Turner 's death.

After careful review, it is my opinion to a reasonable degree of medical

certainty that it is not established in the medical and scientific literature, as of
May 20, 2008 or
today, that TASER ECDs applied to humans cause ventricular fibrilation. Further
more, it is my
opinion to a reasonable degree of medical certainty that Mr. Turner 's cardiac
arrest was not caused
by application of a TASER ECD.

These opinions and related opinions are set forth in this expert

report.

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 2 of 72

II.

Materials Reviewed

I have revie"".ed extensive materials pertaining to the above referenced case.
This includes, but is
not limited to:

A.

Medical and Scientific Literature Relating to ECDs

Dawes DM, Ho JD, Kroll MW, Miner JR. Electrical Characteristics of an Electro
nic Control Device
Under a Physiologic Load: A Brief Report. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. Dec 10
2009.
Bozeman WP, Barnes DG Jr, Winslow JE 3rd, Johnson JC 3rd, Phillips CH, Alson
R. Immediate
cardiovascular effects of the Taser X26 conducted electrical weapon. Emerg Med
J. 2009
Aug;26(8):567-70.
Bozeman WP, Hauda WE 2nd, Heck JJ, Graham DD Jr, Martin BP, Winslow
JE. Safety and injury
profile of conducted electrical weapons used by law enforcement officers against
criminal suspects.
Ann Emerg Med. 2009 Apr;53(4):480-9. Epub 200.9 Jan 21.

•

Dawes DM, Ho JD, Reardon RF, Miner JR. Echocardiographic evaluation ofTAS
ER X26 probe
deployment into the chests of human volunteers. Am J Emerg Med. 2010 Jan;28(
1):49-55 .
Dawes DM, Ho JD, Johnson MA, Lundin E, Janchar TA, Miner JR. 15-Second
conducted electrical
weapon exposure does not cause core temperature elevation in non-environmen
tally stressed resting
adults. Forensic Sci Int. 2008 Apr 7;176(2-3):253-7. Epub 2007 Nov 5.
Dawes D, Ho J, Miner J. The neuroendocrine effects of the TASER X26: a briefrep
ort. Forensic
Sci Int. 2009 Jan 10;183(1-3):14-9. Epub 2008 Nov 18.
Eastman AL, et al. Conductive electrical devices: a prospective, population-bas
ed study of the
medical safety oflaw enforcement use. J Trauma. 2008 Jun;64(6): 1567-72.
Ho JD, Dawes OM, Bultman LL, Moscati RM, Janchar TA, Miner JR. Prolong
ed TASER use on
exhausted humans does not worsen markers of acidosis. Am J Emerg Med. 2009
May;27(4):413-8.
Ho JD, Dawes DM, Cole JB, Hottinger JC, Overton KG, Miner JR. Lactate and
pH evaluation in
exhausted humans with prolonged TASER X26 exposure or continued exertion
. Forensic Sci Int.
2009 Sep 1O; 190( 1-3):80-6. Epub 2009 Jun 17.

•

Ho JD, Dawes OM, Heegaard WG, Calkins HG, Moscati RM, Miner JR. Absenc
e of
electrocardiographic change after prolonged application of a conducted electric
al weapon in
physically exhausted adults. J Emerg Med. 2009 May 12.

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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 3 of 72

Ho JD, Dawes DM, Reardon RF, Lapine AL, Dolan BJ, Lundin EJ, Miner JR. Echocardiograph
ic
evaluation of a TASER-X26 application in the ideal human cardiac axis. Acad Emerg Med.
2008
Sep; 15(9):838-44.
Ho JD, Dawes DM, Bultman LL, et al. Respiratory Effect of Prolonged Electrical Weapon
Application on Human Volunteers. Acad Emerg Med.2007; 14: 197-20 l
Ho JD, Miner JR, Lakireddy DR, Bultman LL, Heegaard WG. Cardiovascular and physiolo
gic
effects of conducted electrical weapon discharge in resting adults. Acad Emerg Med. 2006
Jun;13(6):589-95. Epub 2006 Mar 21.
Levine SD, Sloane CM, Chan TC, Dunford N, Vilke GM. Cardiac monitoring of human
subjects
exposed to the taser. J Emerg Med. 2007 Aug;33( 2):l 13-7. Epub 2007 Jun 13.
Sloane CM, Chan TC, Levine SD, Dunford N, Neuman T, Vilke GM. Serum troponin I
measurement of subjects exposed to the Taser X-26. J Emerg Med. 2008 Jul;35(1 ):29-32.
Epub
2008 Mar 4.
Strote J, et al. Conducted Electrical Weapon Use by Law Enforcement: An Evaluation of
Safety and
Injury.-J Trauma. 2009 Dec 22. [Epub ahead of print].
VanMeenen KM, Cherniack, NS, Bergen, MT, et al. Cardiovascular Evaluation of Electron
ic
Control Device Exposure in Law Enforcement Trainees: A Multisite Study. JOEM 2010.
[Epub
ahead of print].
Vilke GM, Sloane CM, Suffecool A, Kolkhorst FW, Neuman TS, Castillo EM, Chan TC.
Physiologic effects of the TASER after exercise. Acad Emerg Med. 2009 Aug;l6(8 ):704-10

.

Vilke GM, Sloane C, Levine S, Neuman T, Castillo E, Chan TC. Twelve-lead electroca
rdiogram
monitoring of subjects before and after voluntary exposure to the Taser X26. Am J Emerg
Med.
2008 Jan;26( 1): 1-4.
Vilke GM, Sloane CM, Bouton KD, Kolkhorst FW, Levine SD, Neuman TS, Castillo EM,
Chan
TC. Physiological effects of a conducted electrical weapon on human subjects. Ann Emerg
Med.
2007 Nov;50(5):569-75. Epub 2007 Aug 24.
Ho J, Dawes D, Nelson RS, et al. Acidosis and catecholamine evaluation following simulate
d law
enforcement "use of force" encounters. Acad Emerg Med 2010 Jul; 17(7):e60-8.

•

Khaja, et al. Cardiac safety of conducted electrical devices in pigs and their effect on pacemak
er
function. American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2010.

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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 4 of 72

Bachs, et al. Acute cardiovascular fatalities following cannabis use. Forensic Science International,
2001.
Kitulwatte, et al. Sudden death. related myocarditis: a study of 56 cases. Forensic Sci Med Pathol
(2010).
Saphir. Acute Myocarditis in Sudden Unexpected Death. Forensic Medicine.
Gormsen. Sudden, Unexpected Death Due to Myocarditis. Univ. Instit. of For. Medicine,
Copehagen.
Diaz, et al. Death Caused by Myocarditis in Wayne County, Michigan. Amer. J. of For. Med. and
Pathology, Dececember, 2006.
Babu-Narayan, et al. Myocarditis and Sudden Cardiac Death in the Young. Circulation, 2007.
Letter to the Editor, Chu. Acute Viral Myocarditis Presenting as Sudden Cardiac Arrest and
Refractory Ventricular Tachycardia. Amer. J. of Erner. Med., 2004.
Corby. Isolated Myocarditis as a Cause of Sudden Obscure Death.
Schultz, et al. Diagnosis and Treatment of Viral Myocarditis. Mayo Clinic Proc, 2009.
Lecomet, et al. Isolated Myocardial Fibrosis as a Cause of Sudden Cardiac Death and Its Possible
Relation to Myocarditis. J. of For. Sciences, 1993.
Heyndrickx, et al. Toxicological Study of a Fatal Intoxication by Man Due to Cannabis Smoking.
Journal De Pharmacie De Belgique, 1969.
Charles, et al. Myocardial Infarction and Marijuana. Clinical Toxicology, 1979.
Macinnes. Fatal coronary artery thrombosis associated with cannabis smoking. Journal of the Royal
College of General Practitioners, 1984.
Collins, et al. Myocardial infarction during marijuana smoking in a young female. European Heart
Journal, 1985.
Scholz. Age-Related Changes in Normal Human Hearts During the First 10 Decade.s of Life. Part I
(Growth): A Quantitative Anatomic Study of200 Specimens From Subjects From Birth to 19
Years Old. Mayo Clin Proc, 1988.
Zipes. A Tachycardia-Induced Atrial Cardiomyopathy. Amer. Heart Assoc., 1997.
Libby, Bonow, Mann and Zipes. Book Chapter, Braunwald's Heart Disease, Eighth Edition,
Chapter 65. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, pp. 1763-1774.

•

Ho, Luceri, Lakkireddy, et al. Absence ofElectrocardiographic Effects Following Taser® Device
Application in Human Volunteers. Hennepin County Medical Center.
Ho, Dawes, Reardon, et al. Echocardiographic Determination of Cardiac Rhythm During TransThoracic Wireless Conducted Electrical Weapon Exposure. Hennepin County Medical Center.

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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 5 of 72

.e

Alain Michaud, M.D. Echocardiographic evaluation of TASER X26 in healthy
volunteers .
Letter to Rick Smith from Dr. Stratbucker, 1/6/00.
McDaniel, et al. Cardiac Safety of Neuromuscular Incapacitating Defensive Devices
. PACE,
January, 2005.
Nanthakumar, et al. Cardiac Electrophysiological Consequences of Neuromuscular
Incapacitating
Device Discharges. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, August,
2006.
Stratbucker, Kroll, McDaniel, Panescu. Cardiac Current Density Distribution
by Electrical Pulses
from T ASER devices. IEEE, August, 2006.
Kim, et al. Ventricular Fibrillation after Stun-Gun Discharge. New England Journal
of Medicine,
Septem ber 2005, and related documents.
Dennis, et al. Acute Effects ofTAS ER X26 Discharges in a Swine Model. J.
Trauma, September,
2007.
Valentino, Walter, Dennis. TASER Discharges Capture Cardiac Rhythm in a
Swine Model. Acad.
Emerg. Med., May, 2007.
Valentino, Walter, Dennis. Neuromuscular Effects of Stun Device Discharges.
J. Surg. Res.,
November, 2007.

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Ho, Dawes, Johnson, Lundin, Miner, Reardon. Ultrasound Measurement of Cardiac
Activity During
Conducted Electrical Weapon Application in Exercising Adults. Hennepin County
Medical Center,
2007.
Cao, et al. Taser-Induced Rapid Ventricular Myocardial Capture Demonstrated
by Pacemaker
Intracardiac Electrograms. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, August
, 2007.
Walter, Dennis, Valentino, et al. TASER X26 Discharges in Swine Produce Potenti
ally Fatal
Ventricular Arrhythmias. Acad. Emerg. Med.,Ja nuary, 2008.
Kroll. Chapte r 42, TASER® Electronic Control Devices, Electrical Injuries: Medica
l&
Bioengineering Aspects. Second Edition, 2008.
Lakkireddy, et al. Cardiac Effects of Electrical Stun Guns: Does Position of
Barbs Contact Make a
Difference? PACE, April, 2008.
Panescu, Kroll, Stratbucker. Theoretical Possibility of Ventricular Fibrillation
During use of
TASER Neuromuscular Incapacitating Devices. IEEE EMBS, August, 2008.
Bozeman, Teacher, Winslow. Incidence and Outcomes ofTran scardia c TASER
Probe
Deployments. SAEM Annual Meeting Abstracts, 2009.

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Kroll. Weight Adjusted Meta-Analysis of Fibrillation Risk From Taser® Conduc
ted Electrical
Weapon. American Academy of Forensic Sciences, 2009.

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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 6 of 72

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Swerdlow, et al. Presenting Rhythm in Sudden Deaths Temporally Proximate to Discharge of
TASER Conducte d Electrical Weapons. Acad. Emerg. Med., 2009 .
Ho, Dawes, Heegaard, Miner. Human Research Review of the TASER® Electronic Control Device.
IEEE EMBS, September, 2009.
Webster, et al. Estimating the probability that the Taser® directly causes human ventricular
fibrillation. Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2010.
Kroll, Panescu, Hin. A Novel Mechanis m for Electrical Currents Inducing Ventricul ar Fibrillation:
The Three-Fol d Way to Fibrillation, IEEE EMBS, 2010.
Biria, et aL Multi-Organ Effects of Conducted Electrical Weapons (CEW)- A Review. IEEE
EMBS, Septembe r 20 l 0.
Ho, Dawes, Reardon, et al. Human cardiovascular effects of a new generation conducted electrical
weapon. Forensic Science Int'l, 2010.
Lakkireddy, et al. Effects of Cocaine Intoxication on the Threshold of Stun Gun Induction of
Ventricul ar Fibrillation. Journal of American College of Cardiology, 2006.

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•

B.

Case-Specific Materials.

I)

TASER's Answer to Complaint

2)

Autopsy Report and other ME Docs - Mecklenburg County M E Office

3)

EMS Documents (Medic Mecklenburg EMS Agency)

4)

Charlotte Fire Departme nt Documents

5)

T ASER Download and analysis/ sale documents

6)

TASER's Responses to Requests for Admission

7)

TASER's Answers to Interrogatories

8)

Police Departme nt Administrative Review

9)

Photographs

IO)

DVD of Excerpts of Video

I 1)

Interview of Officer J. Dawson (used TASER device)

12}

Interview of Officer J.A. Pryor

13)

Interview of Customer Services Manager - Mary Blackert

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 7 of 72

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14)

Interview of Manag er - Antwan Wesley

15)

Interview of Joe Willis and Statement - Witness

16)

Interview of Constance Hood- Emplo yee

17)

Interview of Kim Weath ers-Cu stome r

18)

Interview and Affidavit of Dewey Wilso n- Witness

19)

Interview of Syhesia Moore - Customer

20)

Interview of James Dodd - Vendor

21)

Interview of Satonia Judon -Custo mer

22)

Interview of Timot hy Wallace - Employee

23)

Interview of Koua Thao - Employee

24)

Interview of Christine Hickli ng- Customer

25)

Interview of Andrea Parise - Employee

26)

Interview of Amanda Hill - Loss Prevention for Food Lion

27)

Interview of Kathlynn Miller - Customer

28)

Interview of Suzanne Marson - Customer

29)

Statement of Officer Almond

30)

Statement ofDet. W.T. Brandon

31)

Narrative statement of Major K.T. Graue

32)

Narrative statement of Off. B.P. Langford

33)

Narrative statement of Off. B.R. Downs

34)

Narrative Statement of Off. Quates

35)

Narrative Statement of Off. Meadows

36)

Narrative Statement of Off G.S. John

37)

Narrative Statement of Off. Kulp

38)

Narrative Statement of Off. Dodd
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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 8 of 72

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•

•··

39)

Narrative Statement of Off. Nelson

40)

Narrative Statement of Off. Farmer

41)

Narrative Statement of Off. Phelps

42)

Narrative Statement of Sgt. Kraeger

43)

Narrative Statement of Capt. Lester

44)

Narrative Statement of Capt. Zinkann

45)

Narrative Statement of Det. Rainwater

46)

Narrative Statement of Maj. Medlock

47)

Narrative Statement of Det. Fant

48)

Narrative Statement of Det. Holmes

49)

Narrative Statement of Sgt. Robbins

50)

Narrative Statement of Det. Santiago {Timeline included)

51)

Narrative_Statement of Off. Dawson (used TASER)

.52)

Narrative Statement of Off. Savage

53)

Narrative Statement of Maj. Maglione

54)

Narrative Statement of Sgt. Holshouser

55)

Narrative Statement of Sgt. Henson

56)

Narrative Statement of Det. Ward

57)

Narrative Statement of Det. Manassah

58)

Narrative Statement of Off. Jolly

59)

Narrative Statement of Det. Kelly

60)

Narrative Statement of Det. Martin

61)

Narrative Statement of Off. Maye

62)

Narrative Statement of Off. Hopkins

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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 9 of 72

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63)

Police Department Incident Report

64)

Police Department Property Reports

65)

Additional Police Department Investigation Records

66)

Crossroads Charter High School Records

67)

CMS School Records

68)

Deposition of Captain Brian E. Barr

69)

Deposition of Paramedic Michael Moore

70)

Deposition of Firefighter Thomas Williams

71)

Deposition of Officer Joseph Pryor, Jr.

72)

Heart rhythm strips from medics

73)

Heart Start Recording

74)

Deposition of Mark Kroll, PhD, FACC, FHRS

75)

Autopsy photographs

76)

Kevin Freeman, M.D., medical records

77)

Photographs of prescription bottle

78)

Deposition of Thomas D. Owens, M.D.

79)

Deposition of Tammy Lou Fontenot

80)

Charlotte Mecklenburg Police Department Papering Verification and Narrative
Supplement

81)

Deposition of Officer Jerry Dawson, Jr.

82)

Rite Aid #11494 records

83)

Food Lion Records

84)

CMC - University Medical Records (MED6)

85)

Carolina Medical Medical Records (MED5)

86)

Expert report by James R. Stone, MD, PhD

87)

Expert report by Douglas P. Zipes, MD

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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 10 of 72

III.

Analysis

After reviewing the above listed materials, it appears that on March 20, 2008, Darryl Turner
was in
an agitated state, was confrontational with store management at his place of employment
after being
confronted about shoplifting earlier and his general appearance upon return from lunch,
was
encountered by police and received two TASER® X:26™ Electronic Control Device (ECD)
activations (37 seconds and 5 seconds) and suffered a cardiac arrest. He was treated by
paramedics
and transported to the hospital, but ultimately died. Given this history, there are a number
of issues
that need to be addressed in more detail. All opin'ions given are to a reasonable, or higher,
degree of
medical or scientific certainty or probability based on the information currently available
.

TASER ECDs. There is a great deal of unwarranted concern of electrocution based on lay
misunderstanding of the reported 50,000 volts (V) peak open arcing voltage used by TASER
handheld ECDs. TASER handheld ECDs deliver only a fraction of the 50,000 V to the body.
In the
case of the TASER X26 ECD, the mean delivered pulse voltage is 580 V.

However, it is not th~ voltage, but the sustained current or amperage, or delivered electrica
l charge,
that actually creates a risk for electrical injury. For example, the static electricity from walking
.
across a carpet can generate 30,000 to I 00,000 V. However, the average and actual delivered
electrical current of the TASER X26 ECD is only about 1.9 milliamperes (mA) (or, 0.0019
amperes
(A)) and the peak current is only about 3 A. By way of comparison, a TASER M26™ ECD
has a
peak current of about 17 A; an International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Level IV
static
electricity shock has a peak current of30 A; a Christmas tree light string will have on average

•

current of0.4 A or 400 mA, which is about 200 times the average (or actual) delivered current
of
the TASER X26 ECD.

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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 11 of 72

The stored energy in the TASER X26 ECO is about 0.36 joules (J) per pulse
(J/pulse), and the
delivered energy is about 0.1 J/pulse, with the comparison of an automatic externa
l cardiac
defibrillator (AED) used by many times per day by paramedics using 360 J, over
3000 times greater
than the X26 ECD. Or, the American Heart Association (AHA) Pediatric Advanc
ed Life Support
(PALS) Guidelines that call for 2-9 joules per kilogram (J/kg) for infants and
children. Thus, for a 5
kg (11 pound) infant PALS states that 10-45 J have been found effective "with
negligible adverse
effeqts."

Or, if one thinks about it, this limited amount of delivered electrical energy able
to be transferred to
a person makes sense as the TASER X26 ECO is only powered by a battery of
two 3 V cells
(Duracell CR123s), commonly used in some smaU digital cameras, not an electric
al outlet or power
generator. It is the T ASER ECDs rapid cycling that can cause the subjects' muscles
to contract at
about 19 times a second that can offer the effective incapacitation of the subject
in probe mode, or
painful compliance in drive-stun mode, while still offering a significant safety
margin from
electrical injury.

Once the energy from an ECD is turned off, the subject is back to his physica
l baseline. Mr. Turner
.was reported by bystanders and the officer to have signs of being alive after the
initial TASER ECO
activation. He was reported to be breathing and sounded like he was crying.
Another witness said
he was stilJ conscious. The download data from the TASER ECO reflects that
he received a 37
second initial T ASER BCD activation followed a short time later by a 5 second
activation .

•
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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 12 of 72

Though muscle activity from the TASER ECO has been shown to increase lactic acid levels
and
CPK levels over time, much like a basic seizure, the activity of a struggle and physical exertion
will
increase these levels to a much greater level than a TASER ECD. In my opinion, Mr. Turner
was
destined to die, whether or not the TASER ECO was used to subdue him, because if the
TASER
ECD was not used, there would have been a physical altercation, causing an even more
increased
physiologic load on Mr. Turner's heart with the same net result.

In addition, Mr. Turner had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of his heart noted in the expert
report by
Dr. James Stone, a cardiovascular pathologist. This physical enlargement of the heart in
and of
itself can place an individual at increased risk for cardiac arrest and sudden death. Given
the
agitated state that Mr. Turner created when police were called because he refused to leave
the
premises, along with his enlarged heart, he was a ticking time bomb at risk to go into cardiac
arrest
-

whether the police used a TASER ECO or not. Mr. Turner was not following commands
and based
on the review of the video, appeared that if a T ASER ECO was not deployed, a physical
altercation
with police would have ensued. I base part of this on the fact that once the T ASER ECO
was
activated, most non-violent, non-aggressive people would have complied with police comman
ds so
that the painful stimuli would be turned off. Instead, Mr. Turner's aggressive nature (initially
throwing an umbrella and papers prior to the arrival of police) accelerated. He, while receiving
the
T ASER ECO activation, continued to walk away from the officer and grabbed a metal shopping
bag
rack and threw it. This was aggressive and agitated behavior.

•
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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 13 of 72

This increased physical activity and exertion from the agitation can induce a cardiac dysrhyth
mia in
a person with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Once the heart goes into an irregular beat, blood
flow
through the body ceases and shortly thereafter, the subject will lose consciousness due to
lack of
blood flow to the brain and then stop breathing.

rt should also not be overlooked that Mr. Turner, 1;1pon returning from his lunch break was found
with marijuana in his possession and was noted to be have red eyes that was interpreted
by the
police officer at scene as consistent with drug use. The medical examine r's report did not
note any
illicit drugs in Mr. Turner's system, but the assay used by the medical examine r's office
did not test
for marijuana. Given the abnormal heart findings ofhyper trophic cardiomyopathy as noted
by Dr.
Stone, marijuana in and of itself has been reported to cause death in patients with cardiac
abnormalities, so if it was actually present it certainly did not help Mr. Turner's heart and

should be

considered in the cause of death.

Another question that arises is whether the TASER ECD, itself, can cause ventricular fibrillatio
n
(VF) in a human subject. TASER ECDs have been extensively researched. I have undertak
en
significant independent research on TASER ECDs, and am knowledgeable of peer-reviewed
medical and scientific research on T ASER ECDs conducted by others. In fact, I was the
lead author
on work requested by the American Academy of Emergency Medicine (AAEM).to review
the
totality of the peer reviewed published medical literature and come to conclusions regardin
g the
necessary emergency departm ent evaluation of patients being seen after receiving a ECD

activation.

As of March 20, 2008 and today, no peer-reviewed published scientific or medical literature
· concluded that T ASER ECDs cause ventricular fibrillation or cardiac dysrhythmias in humans.
•

Some studies under unique and unrealistic settings have been able to induce ventricular
fibrillation

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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 14 of 72

or cardiac dysrhythmias in swine, but swine fibrillate more easily than humans, and those studies do
not conclude that ECDs cause ventricular fibrillation or dysrhythmias in humans. There is no X26
ECD human study that has found, or even shown, a single incident of cardiac capture or negative
cardiac effect. There is no animal study that has shown X26 ECD induction of cardiac arrest in
under 70 seconds of exposure. No animal study has shown an X26 ECD to directly cause cardiac
arrest without infusion of catecholamines.

As of March 20, 2008 and today, no peer-reviewed

published scientific or medical literature concluded that TASER ECDs kill humans, except for
secondary factors such as injuries from falls or the ignition of flammable fumes or fluids from the
ECO arc.

Moreover, more than 1.15 million volunteer subjects have undergone TASER ECO activations, and
none have ever been reported to develop VF or die. In the case of Mr. Turner, the distance between

4t

the probes was measured as 3.5 inches apart by the medical examiner. This is not much father
apart than when the T ASER ECD is used in drive stun mode, with a distance of 1.6 inches. It is this
close distance between the probes that made Mr. Turner able to continue to walk and throw the rack
while the TASER ECD was being activated. In this mode, it was essentially acting as a drive stun,
basically a painful stimuli with no evidence of neuromuscular dissociation from more diffuse
electrical energy spread. The probes were too close together to incapacitate Mr. Turner. As noted
earlier, the T ASER ECO in probe mode has never been noted to cause VF or death. Sarne with the
drive stun mode. The T ASER ECO in in such close probe spread in Mr. Turner effectively operated
as a drive stun mode, and intuition and common sense would dictate that this would raise even less
ofa question of the TASE ECO being involved in Mr. Turner's death. Just because a TASER ECD

•

was being used in proximity to his death, does not imply causation .

- 14 -

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 15 of 72

Also, both ECD probes were in a perpendicular line on the right side of Mr. Turner's chest.
There
has not been a single reported incident of cardiac effect in the literature in animals or humans
where
the probes did not encompass the heart including at least one probe on the left side of the
chest.
Additionally, the ECD cartridge used on Mr. Turner was a 21-foot cartridge with serial number
T06-l03 4682 that has 9-miJlimeter (mm) probes. There is no report in the literature, animal
or
human, where an ECDwit h a 9 mm probe caused a cardiac effect. Furthermore, the medical
examiner reports that the two ECD probes penetrated Mr. Turner's right chest only to a distance

of

"I/8 th inch" (which is less than 4 mm). Again, there is nothing in the animal or human literature
that
has found that a probe depth of 4 mm has been shown to affect the heart.

Additionally, if Mr. Turner suffered an electrical injury from the TASER ECO inducing
VF, the
rapid response by EMS should have easily saved his life. There is significant medical literature
-

that has shown that patients suffering a primary VF arrest from electrocution or a heart attack
who
receive prompt EMS care including CPR for several minutes before defibrillation (as was
the case
with Mr. Turner), the heart basically, in lay terms, just needs to be reset from VF to a regular
rhythm using a defibrillator. The sooner this is done, the better the outcome. In my role
as an
emergency room physician and the Medical Director of the American Heart Association
Training
Center at the University of California, San Diego Center for Resuscitation Science, I have
substantial experience with this subject ofresusc itation and defibrillation. In this case, EMS
was
already en route as part of the police department's protocol to have EMS evaluation of all
TASER
ECD activations. Based on the video, EMS arrived about 5 minutes after Officer Dawson
arrived.
Therefore, EMS was at the patient within minutes of the cardiac arrest and if purely and
electrocution, should have been easily saved. Mr. Turner's underlying heart disease may
have left

- 15 -

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 16 of 72

him less able to be converted back to a regular rhythm by the defibrillation attempt
s than if his heart
was healthy.

Given his abnormal heart and that he became so agitated after being fired and
told to leave the
premises and then exhibiting such aggressive behavior, Mr. Turner, to a reasona
ble degree of
medical certainty, was going to have a sudden cardiac arrest, whether a TASER
BCD was used' or
not. If he had taken his anger elsewhere, started the same behavior there and
got into a

physical

altercation with others, there would likely have been the same sudden death outcom
e, except with
the absence of police and the TASER ECD.

Therefore, I agree with that portion of the Medical Examin er's report that states
that Mr. Turner
died as a result of an "acute ventricular arrhythmia" due to an "agitated state
and stress." I do not
-

agree that it is also due to the "use of conduced energy weapon (TASE R)," but
rather due to
underlying hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The medical examiner admitted that
he could not state to
a reasonable degree of medical certainty that the ECD contributed even .0 I%.
I do not agree with
Dr. Zipes methodology or opinions, including his reliance on non-peer-review
ed anecdotes that are
not substantially similar to Mr. Turner 's situation and that do not prove ECD
ventricular fibrillation in their own right nor in Mr. Turner' s situation.

causation of

And, the Nanthakumar

paper (J Am College of Cardio, 2007) relied upon by Dr. Zipes for the epineph
rine theory is not
appropriate because the catecholamine infusion in that swine was many times
that of what could be
caused by an ECD exposure.

In support of the impact of a TASER ECD device on markers of stress in humans
is work that was
performed by our group (Vilke, Acad Emerg Med 2009 Aug;l6(8):704-10.) compar
ing two

- 16-

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 17 of 72

experimental groups of self-control subjects who were exercised
to 85% of their maximal heart rate
and then received a TASE R ECO activation and then were tested
with exercise alone. In both
groups, the exercise alone elevated marker of stress without any
signif

icant elevations by the

TASE R ECO activation. And when comparing the marker of
stress from a previous study in which
a TASE R ECD was used without exercise {Vilke, Ann Emerg
Med 2007 Nov;50{5):569-75. Epub
2007 Aug 24), the stress marker was elevated multiple times in
the exercise group alone compared
with the TASE R ECO only group. Adding on to supportive data
about the much greater impact
that physical exertion and altercations have on human physiologic
stress markers is work by Ho, et
al (Ho J, A cad Emerg Med 20 IO Jul; l 7(7):e60-8) in which they
studied subjects who were assigned
to one of five task groups: 1) a 150-meter sprint and wall hurdle
(simulated flight from arrest); 2) 45
seconds of striking a heavy bag (simulated physical resistance);
3) a IO-second TASE R X26 ECO
exposure; 4) a fleeing and resistance exercise involving a law
enforcement dog {K-9); or
-

5) an

oleoresin capsicum (OC) exposure to the face and neck. They
measured serum catecholamines, pH
levels, and serum lactate and found that the simulations of physic
al resistance and fleeing on foot
led to the greatest changes in markers of acidosis and catecholamin
es.

IV.

Background

My background is that I am a full time faculty memb er in the
department of emergency medicine at
the University of California, San Diego Medical Center. I am
residency trained and board certified
in Emergency Medicine. I work full time as a practicing clinici
an in the Emergency Department of
a busy urban hospital. I also work for the medical center as the
Director of Custody Services for the
San Diego County Sherif f's Department Jail Medical Service
where I oversee direct patient care,

- 17 -

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 18 of 72

interface between the jail clinical staff and the hospital staff, and have been involve
d in the process
of utilization review.

As a physician working at both the jail and in the emergency department that
is contracted to care
for incarcerated patients, I have evaluated thousands of patients over the last ten

years who have

been arrested, received a T ASER ECD activation, and/or have had sudden cardiac
arrests. I have
performed extensive clinical research on subjects who have received TASER
ECD applications
(articles included in my curriculum vitae) which includes having being involve
d with over 200
TASER ECD activations and have personally received multiple applications of
the device. I have
also been invited to lecture nationally and internationally on the topic of T ASER
ECDs and their
physiological impacts on subjects. Given the frequency of use of this procedu
re by law enforcement
and my own research interests, I regularly perform a complete review of the literatur
e regarding
-

restraint use, TASER ECDs and sudden death in custody.

Appendix A is a copy of my current Curriculum Vitae, which includes a list of
all publications
authored by me over the previous ten years. Appendix B is a list of all cases
in which I have
testified as an expert in trial or depositiop within the preceding four years. I
have not referred to
any other specific sources beyond my own research and those listed in this report.
Appendix C
contains my and rate sheet. The knowledge base that I utilize has been develop
ed over time from
my years of clinical practice, reading and research, including specifically those
articles that I have
published myself in Appendix A .

•
- I8 -

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 19 of 72

-

Respectfully submitted,

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM
Professor ofCJinica] Medicine
Director, UCSD Custody Services
Director, Clinical Research for Emergency Medicine
University of California, San Diego Medical Center

•
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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 20 of 72

CURRICULUM VITAE
GARY MICHAEL VILKE, M.D., FACEP, FAAE M

HOME ADDRESS:

OFFICE ADDRESS:
Department of Emergency Medicine
UCSD Medical Center
200 W. Arbor Drive
San Diego, CA 92103-8676
Phone: (619) 543-6210
Fax:
(619) 543-3115
E-mail: gmvilke@ucsd.edu

San Diego, CA 92131

PERSONAL:

Born t
'1 Cleveland, Ohio
Marital Status: Married, two children

EDUCATION:
Academic:
1983-88

B.S. in Zoology, University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, California

Medical School:
1988-92

M.D., University of California, San Diego School of Medicine
La Jolla, California ·

Internship:
1992-93

Department of Surgery
University of California, San Diego Medical Center
San Diego, California

Residency:
1993-96

Department of Emergency Medicine
University of California, San Diego Medical Center
San Diego, California (Chief Resident: 1995-96)

LICENSURE:

California Medical License Number G-78057

BOARD CERTIF.ICA TIONS:

•

National Board of Medical Examiners, 1993
American Board ofEmer gency Medicine, 1997, renewed 2007

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 21 of 72

Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

APPOlNTMENTS:
7/05 -Presen t

Professor of Clinical Medicine, University ofCalifomia, San Diego (UCSD)
School of Medicine

7/09 - Present

Chief of Staff, UCSD Medical Center (Vice Chief7/07-6/09)

10/09 -Prese nt

UCSD Department of Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Scholar
Fellowship Director

4/07 - Present

Medical Director of the American Heart Association Training Center at the
UCSD Center for Resuscitation Science

2/06 - Present

Director of Clinical Research, UCSD Medical Center, Department of
Emergency Medicine
·

4/99 - Present

Director, Custody Services, UCSD Medical Center

7/96 - Present

Assistant Director, Department of Emergency Medicine, UCSD Medical
Center

7/94 - Present

Base Hospital Physician, University of California Medical Center

•
-2-

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 22 of 72

Cuniculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PREVI OUS EXPERTENCE/APPOINTMENTS:
7/07-6/09

Vice Chief of StaffU CSD Medical Center

7/04-6 /09

EMS/Disaster Medicine Fellowship Director, Department of Emergency
Medicine.

3/02 - 2/06
3/03 - 12/05
7/01 - 6/05
6/04- 2/05

Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine
Interim Chief, San Diego County Emergency Medical Services

l/01 - 2/04

Medical Director, Southwestern College Paramedic Trainin g frogram

7/00 - 2/04

Medical Director, Palomar College Paramedic Training Program

7/97 - 1/03

Director, Prehospital Services, UCSD Medical Center

6/97 - 1/03

Medical Director, Paramedic Base Hospital, UCSD Medical Center
Medical Director, Mercy Air Medical Transport Service, San Diego,

7/96 - 1/03

-

Medical Director, San Diego County Emergency Medical Services
Medical Consultant, San Diego Chapte r Red Cross Disaster Health Services

California
7/96 - 6/01
4/99 - 3/01

Assistant Clinical Professor of Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine
Medical Co-Director, San Diego Central Jail Medical Services

1/96 - 7/96

Flight Physician, Mercy Air Medical Transport Service, San Diego,Califor

7/95 - 7/96
12/94 - 7/96

Associated Emergency Physicians Medical Group, San Diego, California
Kaiser Pem1anente Emergency Department, San Diego, Cali fomia

10/94 - 7196

Med America Health Resource Company, San Diego, California

4/94 - 7195

Sharp-Rees-Stealy Urgent Care, San Diego, California
Flight Physician, LifoFli ght Air Medical Transport Service

7/93 - 12/95

•
-3-

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 23 of 72

Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAA EM

HONORS AND AW ARDS:

-

·1990

Random House Medical Student Award

1996

American College of Emergency Physicians, Cali fomia Chapter Challenge
Bowl Winner

1996

Council of Residency Directors (CORD) Resident Academic Achievement Award

1996

Outstanding Emergency Medicine Resident

1996

UCSD Emergency Department Staff Support Award

1996

Journal of Emergency Medicine Outstanding Contribution Award

1999

"Golden Apple" Teaching Award, UCSD Emerge1icy Medicine Residency
Graduating Class of 1999 .

2000

Faculty of the Year, UCSD Emergency Medicine Residency Graduating Class of 2000

2000

Best Research Poster Presentation, California Chapter of the American College of
Emergency Physicians (CAL/ACEP) Scientific Assembly, Dana Point, California

2000

Outstanding Scientific Abstract, State of California EMS Authority Annual Emergency
Medical Services for Children Conference, San Diego, California, November 4000

2001

Best Oral Presentation, CAL/ACEP Scientific Assembly, Santa Clara, California

2004

Academy of Clinician Scholars, University of California San Diego

2004

Top Doctor in San Diego County, San Diego Magazine

2004

Top Peer Reviewer, Annals of Emergency Medicine

2005

Top Doctor in San Diego County, San Diego Magazine

2005

Clinical Investigation Institute, University of California San Diego

2006

Top Doctor in San Diego County, San Diego Magazine

2007

Finalist San Diego Business Journal Health Care Champion Award

2007

Top Doctor in San Diego County, San Diego Magazine

2007

Top Peer Reviewer, Annals ofEmergency Medicine

2008

Top Doctor in San Diego County, San Diego Magazine

2008

UCSD Undergraduate Campus Outstanding Faculty Mentor of the Year

2009

Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Charter member

2009

Top Doctor in San Diego County, San Diego Magazine

2010

Top Doctor in San Diego County, San Diego Magazine

-4-

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 24 of 72

Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

CERTJFICA TTONS:
Basic Cardiac Life Support Instructor
Pediatric Advanced Life Support Provider
Advanced Cardiac Life Support Instructor
Advanced Trauma Life Support Provider
Hazardous Material Training, Level J
Advanced HAZMAT Life Support Provider

PROFESSIONAL SOCIETY MEMBERSHIPS:
American Medical Association, 1988-97
California Alumni Association, 1988
American College of Emergen cy Physicians, 1991-2000
Fellow, American College of Emergency Physicians, 2000
California Chapter of the American College of Emergency Physicians, 1991
Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 1995
National Association of EMS Physicians, 1998
Fellow, American Academy of Emergency Medicine, 2000
California Chapter of the American Academy of Emergency Medicine, 2000
American Association of University Professors, 2002
California Conference of the American Association of University Professors, 2002
San Diego Faculty Association, 2002
San Diego County Medical Society, 2003
California Medical Association, 2003

PATENTS:
#WO 20I0/011 976 A2: Medication Delivery Devices Having Penetrable Sterility Barriers
and
Alignment Features (January 28, 2010)
.#WO 2010/011976 A2: Medication Delivery Devices Having Penetrable Sterility Barriers
and
Alignment Features (January 28, 2010)

# US 2010/011966 A2: Medication Delivery System (January 28,2010 )
# US 2010/0022987 Al: Medication Delivery System (January 28, 2010)
-5-

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 25 of 72

Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

CURRENT ACTlVITfES:
Member, Disaster Medical Assistance Team {CA-4), 1994 ·
Objective Structured Clinical Examiner, Introduction to Clinical Medicine, UCSD School of
Medicine, 1997
UCSD Alumni Preceptor, UCSD School of Medicine, 1997
Physician Member, San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team, 1998
Quality Assurance Reviewer, Department of Emergency Medicine, UCSD Medical Center, 1999
Evaluator, UCSD Physician Assessment and Clinical Evaluation (PACE) Program, 2000
Tactical EMS Care Provider for San Diego Sheriff's Special Enforcement Detail (SEO), 2007
UFESHAR ING, A Donate Life Organization Advisory Board, 2010

Journals
Associate Editor/Editorial Board, Journal of Emergency Medicine, Elsevier Science, Jnc., 2007
(Editorial board since 2000; reviewer since 1994)
Editorial Board, Prehospital Emergency Care, Taylor & Francis Group, 2006 (Reviewer since
2004)
Senior Reviewer, Annals of Emergency Medicine, Mosby, 2007 (Reviewer since 1998)
Reviewer, Western Joumal of Emergency Medicine, 2001
Reviewer, American Jou ma! of Emergency Medicine, Elsevier Science, Tnc., 2005
Reviewer, Emergency Medicine Journal, BMA House, 2006
Reviewer, Forensic Science International, 2007
Reviewer, California Journal of Emergency Medicine, 2007
Reviewer, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), 2009
Reviewer, BioMedical Engineering Online, 2009
Reviewer, Bioelectromagnetics, 2010
Reviewer, Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, 2010
Reviewer, Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 2010

-6-

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 26 of 72

Curriculum Vitae
GaryM. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

CURRENT ACTfVITIES. continued:
Content Expert
Reviewer, Practical Summaries in Acute Care, Thomson American Health Consultants, 2006
Expert Editorial Advisor, Managing the Ankylosi11g Spondylitis Patient in au Emergency
Setting
for the Spondylitis Association of America (SAA). 2008
Content Expert fot Cable News N~twork (CNN), 2009

•
-7-

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 27 of 72

CmTiculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PREVIOUS ACTIVITTES:
Vice-President, California Chapter of Emergency Medicine Residents Association, 1994-95
Editor-in-Chief, California Chapter of Emergen cy Medicine Residents Association Newslett
er,
1994-95
· Co-Director, School of Medicine 225: Introduction to Emergen cy Medicine, UCSD School
of
Medicine, 1994-95
Reviewer, Journal of Emergency Medicine, Pergamon Press, 1994-2000 (now on editorial
board)
Strike Team Leader, DMA T Olympics 1996 Biological & Chemical Antiterrorist Medical
Support
Associate Editor, Journal of Emergency Medicine, Pergamon Press, 1996-97
Reviewer, European Journal ofEpidemiology, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1996-97
Director, Mercy Air Medical Transport Services Continuing Clinical Education, 1996-20
03
Member, San Diego County 911 Dispatch Quality Review Board, 1997-98
Co-Director, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, Course SOM 2241,
Pediatric Advanced Life Support Course, 1997-2002
Editor-in-Chief, UCSD Medical Center EMS Run Review, 1997-2003
Sponsor, Palomar College Emergency Medical Education Depaitm ent Paramedic Training

,

1997-2003
Medical Support Physician, Super Bowl XXXII, San Diego, California, January 25, 1998
Medical Support Physician, Suzuki Rock-n-Roll Marathon, San Diego, California, June
21, 1998
Marketing Director, California Chapter of the American College of Emergency Physicia
ns
(CAL/ACEP) Scientific Assembly, 1998-99
Member, Program Committee, CAL/AC EP Scientific Assembly, 1998-99
Howard Hugh es Foundation Undergraduate Preceptor, 1998, 1999
Co-editor, Pearls from PAC Newsletter, 1998-2000
Preceptor, .Introduction to Clinical Medicine 201-B, UCSD School of Medicine, 1999
EMS Team Leader, San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team, 1999
Co-Chair, Program Committee, CAL/ACEP Scientific Assembly, 1999-2000 and 2000-01
Member, San Diego County Bio-Terrorism Planning Group, 1999-2003
Moderator, EMS Poster Section, Western Regional Society for Academic Emergency Medicin
e
Conference, Portland, Oregon, April 2000
Preceptor, California State University Dominguez Hills Statewide Nursing Program, 2000
Affiliate Faculty, Southwestern College Paramedic Training Program, 2000-03

-8-

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 28 of 72

Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PREVIOUS ACTIVITIES. continued:
Medical Director, EPIC "Eliminate Preventable Injuries of Children" Medics, San Diego
County, 2000-03
San Diego Po11 District AED (Automated External Defibrillator) Program RPF Panel, 2001
Peer Reviewer, Pediatric Emergency Medicine Reports, 2001
Reviewer, Scientific Abstract Presentations, CAL/ACEP Scientific Assembly, 2001-02
Member, Board ofDirectors, CAL/ACEP, 2001-02
Moderator, Western Regional SAEM Research Presentations, San Diego, California, April 2002
Clinical Coordinator, Southwestern College Emergency Medical Technician Program, 2001-03
Santa Clara County/Regional Medical Center Trauma Designation Review Committee, 2004
San Diego County Health Services Capacity Issues Task Force, 2002-06
San Diego Regional Safety Consortium Inter-facility Transfer Protocol Task Force, 2004-06
San Diego Regfonal Fire Prevention Emergency Preparedness Task Force, 2004-2006
San Diego County Task Force on Fire Prevention, 2004-06
President-Elect, EMS Medical Director's Association of California, 2005-06
Medical Director, San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team, 1998-2008

•
-9-

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Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

CURRENT UCSD COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS:
Research Committee, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1997
UCSD Faculty Association, 2002
Quality Improvement Committee, Department of Emergency Medicine, 2002
UCSD/San Diego Sheriff Security Working Group, 2003
Quality Council Committee, 2003
Secretary-Treasurer, UCSD Academy of Clinician Scholars, 2005
UCSD Academy of Clinician Scholars Executive Committee, 2005
Chair, Medical Staff Executive Committee, 2009
UCSD Governance Advisory Committee, 2009
UCSD Department of Medicine Clinical Operations Redesign Enterprise (CORE) Initiative
Team, 2009
UCSD Medical Center Syncope Task Force, 2010
PREVIOUS UCSD COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS:
Chair, Emergency Department Staffing Committee of Process Action Team, 1994-95
Hospital Infection Control Committee, 1994-95
Emergency Medicine Housestaff Association Representative, 1994-96
Emergency Department Clinical Practices Committee, 1994-96
Emergency Department Peer Review/Quality Assurance Committee, 1995-96
Emergency Department Critical Care Room Process Action Team, 1996
Paramedic/Emergency Depaitment Interface Task Force, 1998-99
Emergency Department Staffing Committee, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1999
Credentials Committee, 1997-2000
Faculty Search Committee, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1999, 2000, 2002
Medical Director's Group, 1997-2002
Patient Care Review Committee, 2003
Medical Risk Management Committee, 2002-03
Patient Improvement and Outcome Committee, 2003-05
Medical Staff Executive Committee Reorganization Ad Hoc Committee, 2005
UCSD Phasing Strategy Ad Hoc Committee, 2005-06
•

Clinical Representative, Trauma Quality Assurance Program, 1998-2006

- 10 -

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PREVIOUS UCSD COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS, continued:
Chair, Medical Risk Management Committee, 2003-2007 (member since 2002)
Medical Risk Management Executive Committee, 2003-2007
UCSD Medical Center Allocation Committee 2005-07
Patient Safety Committee, 2003-2007
Vice Chair, Medical Staff Executive Committee, 2007-2009
Chair, Patient Care and Peer Review Committee, 2007-2009 (member since 2005)
Trauma Multidisciplinary Committee, 2000-2009
Dep;,irtment of Medicine Committee on Advancement and Promotions (DOMCAP), 2007-09

CURREN T COMMITTEE MEMBERSHI:PS:

•

Operations Committee, San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team, 1998
San Diego Central Jail Quality Assurance Committee, 1999
San Diego Central Jail Medical Oversight Committee, 1999
Training Committee, San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team, 2001

•
-II -

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 31 of 72

Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PREVIOUS COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS:
Practice Management Committee, CAUACEP, 1994-95
Research Subcommittee, San Diego County Prehospital Audit Committee, 1997-99
Prehospital RSI Task Force, San Diego County Prehospital Audit Committee, 1997-99
San Diego County Base Hospital Physicians Committee, 1997-2006
San Diego County Trauma Audit Committee,. 1997-2006
San Diego County Prehospital Audit Committee, 1997-2006
Committee on Prehospital Stroke Triage, San Diego County Medical Society, 1998
Chair, San Diego County Prehospital Audit Committee, 1998-2000
Steering Committee, San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team, 1998-2001
Chair, CPR Subcommittee, San Diego County Prehospital Audit Committee, 1998-2002
City of San Diego EMS Physicians' Advisory Committee, 1998-2003
City of San Diego Prehospital Cardiac Advisory Committee, 1998-2003
Chair, San Diego County Aeromedical Protocol Committee, 1998-2006
San Diego County Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine, 1998-2006

-

Program Committee, CAL/ACEP Scientific Assembly, 1998-2001 (Co-Chair for 1999-2001)
Awards Committee, CAL/ACEP Scientific Assembly, 1999-2001
EMS Committee, San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team, 1999-2001
San Diego Metropolitan Medical Response System Bio-Terrorism Planning Group, 1999-2001
San Diego County Pediatric CPR Task Force, 1999-2000
San Diego Sherif.rs Source Selection Committee, 2000
San Diego County EMS QA Net Prehospital Design Steering Committee, 2000-01
San Diego County SlPs (Serial Inebriate Program) Task Force, 2000-02
Chair, Research Subcommittee, San Diego County Prehospital Audit Committee, 2000-02
Education Committee, CAUACEP, 2000-03
San Diego County Paramedic Training Joint Advisory Committee, 2000-06
San Diego County Public Health Preparedness Team, 2001-06
EMS Section, American College of Emergency Physicians, 2001-06
Chair, Training Committee, San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team, 2001-02
Co-Chair, EMS Committee, CAL/ACEP, 2001-02

•

Policy Committee, CAL/ACEP, 2001-02
Task Force Leader, CAL/ACEP Scientific Assembly, 2001-02

- 12 -

Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 32 of 72

Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

.-

PREVIOUS COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS. continued:
Governmental Affairs Committee, CAVACEP, 2001-02
Didactic Subcommittee, SAEM Program Committee, 2001-02
Program Mgmt Committee, San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team, 2001-03
Air Medical Transport Section, American College of Emergency Physicians, 2001-03
San Diego County Sheriffs Mortality Review Committee, 2001-03
San Diego County Sheriffs Pham1acy and Therapeutics Committee, 2001-03
SAEM EMS Interest Group, 2001-2006 (Co-chair 2003-04)
San Diego County EMS for Children (EMSC) Advisory Committee, 2002-05
Scientific Subcommittee, SAEM Program Committee, 2002-05
EMS Medical Director's Association of California, 2002-06
San Diego County Trauma Administrators Committee, 2002-06
Chair, San Diego County EMS Research Committee, 2002-06
Chair, San Diego Cminty Paramedic Protocol Revision Committee, 2002-0(j
San Diego County Public Health Services Physicians Group, 2003-06
San Diego County Healthcare Advisory Committee on Terrorism, 2003-06
Member-at-large, EMDAC Officer Board, 2004-05
San Diego County Fire Chiefs Association, 2004-06
San Diego County Sheriffs Helicopter Program Ad Hoc Advisory Committee, 2004-06
Chair, San Diego County HRSA Work Group, 2004-06
San Diego County Regional Helicopter Advisory Committee, 2004-06
San Diego County HRSA Executive Steering Committee, 2004-06
San Diego County Critical Care Transport Working Group, 2005-06
San Diego County Prehospital Patient Record IT Steering Committee, 2005-06
San Diego County Cardiac Advisory Committee, 2005-06
San Diego County Stroke Advisory Committee, 2005-06
San Diego County Emergency Medical Care Committee, 2006
Co-Chair, San Diego County Medical Society EMS Medical Oversight Committee,2002-2006
Chair, EMS Committee, American Academy of Emergency Medicine California Chapter, 20002006

•

SAEM Program Committee, 2001-2007
Chair, Photography Subcommittee, SAEM Program Committee, 2002-2007
- 13 -

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CuJTiculum Vitae
GaryM. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

•

FUNDED RESEARCH:
1.

Co-Investigator with Tom Neuman (PI) for evaluation of positional asphyxia in the hobble
restraint position, funded by the County of San Diego, 1995--$33,900

2.

Co-Investigator, with Theodore Chan (Pl), for evaluation of the Me Iker percutaneous
cricothyrotomy kit in human cadavers, funded by Cook Medical Products, 1997--$10,000

3.

Co-Investigator with John Eisele (PI) for the evaluation of positional asphyxia in the hobble
restraint position with weight on subjects' backs, funded by the American Academy of
Forensic Sciences, I 998--$2,500

4.

Co-Investigator, with Theodore Chan (PI), for study entitled, "The Impact of Oleoresin
Capsicum Spray on Respiratory Function in Human Subjects in the Sitting and Prone
Maximal Restraint Positio1is." Study funded by the National Institute of Justice, U.S.
Department of Justice, 1998-99. UCSD No. 98-7107; USDOJ Federal Award #98-IJ-CX0079. Amount: $ I 28,176

5.

Principle Investigator (PI) for study entitled "Evaluation ofHurricaine anesthetic in patients
with dyspepsia" funded by Beutlich Pham1aceuticals for, 200 I. Amount: $1,500

6.

Co-Investigator, with Theodore Chan (PI), for evaluation of the Melker percutaneous
cricothyrotomy kit in human cadavers, funded by Cook Medical Products, 2003. Amount:
$12,000

7.

Co-Investigator, with David Hoyt (PI) for the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium: UCSD /
San Diego Resuscitation Research Center, funded by the NlH, 9/1/2004 to 6/30/2009. UOl
HL077908. Amount: $2,250,522

8.

Co-Principal Investigator (Co-Pl), with Theodore Chan, for study entitled, "The effect of
Taser on Cardiac, Respiratory and Metabolic Physiology in Human Subjects." Study funded
by the National Institute of Justice, U.S. Department of Justice, 10/1/2005 to 9/30/2007.
UCSD No. 2006-0846; USDOJ Federal Award #98-IJ-CX-0079. Amount: $213,941.49

9.

Co-Investigator, with Daniel Davis (PI) for the study entitled, "ROC Interventional Trials:
Hypertonic Resuscitation for Traumatic Injury, Trauma Epistry, PRIMED", funded by the
NIH, 7/1/2006 to 6/30/2008. UO1 HL077863. Amount: $331,320

I 0.

Co-Investigator, with Daniel Davis (PI) for the, "ROC Cardiac Epistry", funded by the AHA,
7/1/2006 to 6/30/2008. Amount: $133,427

1 I.

Co-Investigator, with Theodore Chan (PI) for study entitled, "Multi-Center Study of the
Impact of Nurse-Patient Ratios on Emergency Department Overcrowding." funded by the
Emergency Medicine Foundation, 7/1/2007 to 6/30/2008. Amount: $50,000

12.

Principal Investigator (PI) for study entitled, "Evaluation of the Ventilatory and Respiratory Effects of
a Restraint Chair on Human Subjects." Funded by the Institute for the Prevention ofin-Custody
Deaths, lnc, 1/1/07 to 12/31/07. Amount: $11,658
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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

FUNDED RESEARCH, continued:
13.

Co-Investigator, with Edward Castillo (PI) for study entitled, "California ED Diversion Project
Evaluation." funded by the California Healthcare Foundation, 5/15/2008 to I 0/15/2008.
Amount: $50,990

14.

Principal Investigator (PI) for study entitled, "Ventilatory Effects of Prone Restraint on Obese Human
Subjects." Funded by the Institute for the Prevention ofin-Cust ody Deaths, Inc, 1/l/09 to 12/31/09.
Amount: $13,423

15.

Principal Investigator (PI) for study entitled, "FAST TRAC: Finding ACS with Serial Troponin
Testing for Rapid Assessment." Funded by the Nanosphere, Inc. 2/1 /09 to 2/1/11. Amount: $85,000

16.

Principal Investigator (Pl) for study entitled, "CHOPIN: Copentin Helps in the Early Detection of
Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction." Funded by Brahms AG, 8/1/09 to 8/1/12. Amount:
$103,950

17.

Co-Investigator, with Daniel Davis (Pl) for the study titled, "Resuscitation Outcomes
Consortium (ROC) Regional Clinical Center; San Diego", funded by the NIH, 3/1/2010 to
2/28/2015. UOJ HL077908-06. Amount: $755,998

18.

Co-Investigator, with Christine Hall for the study titled, "RESTRAINT - Risk of dEath in
Subjects That Resisted: Assessment of Incidence and Nature of faTal events", funded by the
Vancouer Island Health Authority. 7/1/09 to 6/30/2011. Amount $50,000

19.

Co-Investigator for study titled "STAT MERCURY: Studying the Treatment of Acute
HyperTension: A Multicenter EmeRgency Department Clevidipine Utilization RestrY"
funded by the Medicines Company 7/27/10 to present. Amount $1400

•
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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M,D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATIONS:
Books I Book Chapters
1.

Vilke GM: Head Trauma, Blunt. In: The 5 Minute Emergency Medicine Consult.
Rosen P, Barkin RM, Hayden SR, Schaider JJ, Wolfe R (Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins, 1999, pp 472-473.

2.

Vilke GM: Head Trauma, Penetrating. In: The 5 Minute Emergency Medicine Consult.
Rosen P, Barkin RM, Hayden SR, Schaider JJ, Wolfe R (Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins, 1999, 474-475..

3.

Atlas of Emergency Procedures. Rosen P, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Sternbach G (Eds.);
St. Louis: Mosby, Inc., 2001.

4.

Vi Ike GM: Urethral Catheterization. In: Atlas of Emergency Procedures. Rosen P,
Chan TC, Vilke GM, Sternbach G (Eds.); St. Louis: Mosby, Inc., 2001, pp 124-127.

5.

Vilke GM: Cystostomy. In: Atlas ofEmergen cy Procedures. Rosen P, Chan TC,
Vilke GM, Sternbach G (Eds.); St. Louis: Mosby, Inc., 2001, pp 128-129.

6.

Vilke GM: Bladder Aspiration. In: Atlas of Emergency Procedures. Rosen P, Chan TC,
Vilke GM, Sternbach G (Eds.); St. Louis: Mosby, Inc., 2001, pp 130-131.

7.

Vilke GM: Dorsal Slit in Phimosis. In: Atlas of Emergency Procedures. Rosen P, Chan TC,
Vilke GM, Sternbach G (Eds.); St. Louis: Mosby, Inc., 2001, pp 132-133.

8.

Vilke GM: Manual Paraphimosis Reduction. In: Atlas of Emergency Procedures. Rosen P,
Chan TC, Vilke GM, Sternbach G (Eds.); St. Louis: Mosby, Inc., 2001, pp 134-135:

9.

Vi Ike GM: Zipper Removal. In: Atlas of Emergency Procedures. Rosen P, Chan TC,
Vilke GM, Sternbach G (Eds.); St. Louis: Mosby, Inc., 2001, pp 136-137.

10.

Hayden SR, Silfvast T, Deakin CD, Vilke GM: Surgical Procedures. In: Prehospital Trauma
Care. Soreide E, Grande CM (Eds.); New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2001, pp 323-354.

11.

Hayden SR, Thierbach A, Vilke GM, Sugrue M: Patient Turnover: An·iving and Interacting
in the Emergency Department. In: Prehospital Trauma Care. Soreide E, Grande CM (Eds.);
New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 2001, pp 737-751.

12.

Vi Ike GM: Cervical Spine Injury, Adult. In: Rosen and Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency
Medicine Consult (second edition). Schaider J, Hayden SR, Wolfe R, Barkin RM,.Rosen P
(Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, pp 1048-1049.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACE!>, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS. continued:
Books/ Book Chapters
13.

Vi Ike GM: Extremity Trauma, Penetrating. [n: Rosen and Barkin' s 5-Minute Emergency
Medicine Consult (second edition). Schaider J, Hayden SR, Wolfe R, Barkin RM, Rosen P
(Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, pp 394-395.

14.

Vilke GM: Head Trauma, Blunt. ln: Rosen and Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency Medicine
Consult (second edition). Schaider J, Hayden SR, Wolfe R, Barkin RM, Rosen P (Eds.);
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, pp 476-477.

15.

Vilke GM: Head Trauma, Penetrating. In: Rosen and Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency
Medicine Consult (second edition). Schaider J, Hayden SR, Wolfe R, Barkin RM, Rosen P
(Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, pp 478-479.

16.

Vi Ike GM: Ring/Constricting Band Removal. In: Rosen and Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency
Medicine Consult (second edition). Schaider J, Hayden SR, Wolfe R, Barkin RM, Rosen P
(Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, pp 980-981.

17.

Vi Ike GM: Warts. In: Rosen and Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency Medicine Consult (second
edition). Schaider J, Hayden SR, Wolfe R, Barkin RM, Rosen P (Eds.); Philadelphia:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, pp 1222-1223.

18.

Vilke GM: Fournier's Gangrene. In: Rosen and Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency Medicine
Consult (second edition). Schaider J, Hayden SR, Wolfe R, Barkin RM, Rosen P (Eds.);
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2003, pp 430-431.

19.

Vilke GM: Variants of Normal. In: ECG in Emergency Medicine and Acute Care. Chan TC,
Brady WJ, Harrigan RA, Ornato JP, Rosen P (Eds.); Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby, 2005,
pp 12-15.

20.

Vilke GM: Keloid Fomrntion. In: Greenberg's Text-Atlas of Emergency Medicine.
Greenberg MI, Hendrickson RG, Silverberg M (Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and
Wilkins, 2005, p 684.

21.

Vilke GM: Distal Digital Amputation. In: Greenberg's Text-Atlas of Emergency Medicine.
Greenberg Ml, Hendrickson RG, Silverberg M (Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and
Wilkins, 2005, p 685.

22.

Vilke GM: Painful Syndromes of the Hand and Wrist. In: Hmwood-Nuss' Clinical Practice
of Emergency Medicine fourth edition. Editor-in-chief: AB Wolfson. Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins, 2005, pp 536-540.

23.

Vi Ike GM: Neck Holds. In: Sudden Deaths in Custody. Ross DL, Chan TC (Eds.);
New Jersey: Humana Press, 2006, pp 15-38.

-

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS, continued:
Books / Book Chapters
24.

Sloane C, Vilke GM: Riot Control Agents, Tasers and Other Less Lethal Weapons.
In: Sudden Deaths in Custody. Ross DL, Chan TC (Eds.); New Jersey: Humana Press, 2006,
pp 113-138.

25.

Vi Ike GM: Clostridium botulinum Toxin (Bot~tlism) Attack. In:. Disaster Medicine.
Ciottone GR (Ed.); Boston: Elsevier Mosby, 2006, pp 701-704.

26.

Vilke GM: Viral Agents (Section 10, Part 2). Section Editor. Jn: Disaster Medicine.
Ciottone GR (Ed.); Boston: Elsevier Mosby, 2006, pp 661-697.

27.

Patel R, Reynoso J, Vilke GM: Genitourinary Trauma. In: Emergency Medicine Handbook.
Clinical Concepts for Clinical Practice. Roppolo LP, Davis D, Kelly SP, Rosen P (Eds.);
Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby, 2007, pp 164-173.

28.

Vi Ike GM: Extremity Trauma, Penetrating. In: Rosen & Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency
Medicine Consult (third edition). Schaider JJ, Hayden SR, Wolfe RE, Barkin RM, Rosen P
(Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007, pp 392-393.

29.

Vilke GM: Foumier's Gangrene. In: Rosen & Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency Medicine
Consult (third edition). Schaider JJ, Hayden SR, Wolfe RE, Barkin RM, Rosen P (Eds.);
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007, pp 428-429.

30.

Vilke GM: Head Trauma, Blunt. In: Rosen & Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency Medicine
Consult (third edition). Schaider JJ, Hayden SR, Wolfe RE, Barkin RM, Rosen P (Eds.);
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007, pp 474-475.

31.

Vilke GM: Head Trauma, Penetrating. In: Rosen & Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency Medicine
Consult (third edition). Schaider JJ, Hayden SR, Wolfe RE, Barkin RM, Rosen P (Eds.);
Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007, pp 476-477.

32.

Vilke GM: Spine Injury: Cervical, Adult. Tn: Rosen & Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency
Medicine Consult (third edition). Schaider JJ, Hayden SR, Wolfe RE, Bark in RM, Rosen P
(Eds.); Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams& Wilkins, 2007, pp 1040-1041.

33.

Vilke GM: Warts. In: Rosen & Barkin's 5-Minute Emergency Medicine Consult (third
edition). Schaider JJ, Hayden SR, Wolfe RE, Barkin RM, Rosen P (Eds.); Philadelphia:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007, pp 1224-1225.

34.

Vi Ike GM, Sloane CM, Chan TC. Accelerated Triage for Medical Evaluations Following
CED Activations. In: Critical Issues in Policing Series: Strategies for Resolving Conflict and
Minimizing Use of Force. Ederheimer JA (Ed); Washington DC, Police Executive Research
Forum, 2007, pp 108-109.

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Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATJONS, continued:
Books I Book Chapters
35.

Christensen EF, Deakin C, Vilke GM: Prehospital Care and Trauma Systems. Tn: Trauma:
Emergency Resuscitation. Perioperative Anesthesia. Surgical Management. Volume I. Wilson
WC, Grande CM, Hoyt DB (Eds.); New York: Tnfonna Healthcare USA, Tnc, 2007, pp 43-58.

36

Chan TC, Vilke GM. in: TASER® Conducted Electrical Weapons: Physiology. Pathology.
·
and Law. Kroll MW, Ho JD (Eds.); New York: Springer, 2009, pp 109-118.

37. Vilke GM: Hand and Wrist Pain. In: Harwood-Nuss' Clinical Practice of Emergency
Medicine fifth edition. Editor-in-chief: AB Wolfson. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and
·
Wilkins, 2010, pp 711-714.

38. Wilson MP, Vilke GM. In: Avoiding Common Errors in the Emergency Department. Mattu A,
Chanmugam AS, Swadron SP, Tibbles CD, Woolridge DP (Eds) Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins, 2010, pp 520-522.
39. Oyama LC, Vilke GM. In: Emergency Medicine Review Preparing for the Boards. Harrigan
RA, Utberg JW, Tripp ML (Eds) St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders, 2010, pp 303-315.

VIDEO:
1.

Vilke GM, Davis DP, Robinson A: "Glasgow Coma Scale and the Field Neurological Exam"
Instructional Video, San Diego County Emergency Medical Services, Copyright 1997.

2.

Vilke GM, Chan TC: "Excited Delirium" rnstructional Video, San Diego County Sheriff's
Department, 2007.

3.

Morris B, Vilke GM: "Ankylosing Spondylitis" Educational Video. Bill Morris Production
Group for the Ankyslosing Spondylitis Association of America, 2009.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLTCATlONS. continued:
Articles
1.

Vilke GM, Hoyt DB, Epperson M, FortJage D, Hutton KC, Rosen P: Intubation techniques
in the helicopter. J Emerg Med 1994;12(2):217-224.

2.

Rockwell E, Jackson E, Vilke G, Jeste DV: A study of delusions in a large cohort of
Alzheimer's disease patients. Am J Geriatric Psychiatry 1994;2(2):157-164.

3.

Chan T, Vilke GM, Williams S: Bi-directional ventricular tachycardia in a patient with
digoxin toxicity. J Emerg Med 1995;13{1):89.

4.

Vi Ike GM: Misplaced intravascular catheters in a patient with acute renal failure. J Emerg
Med l995;13(3): 379.

5.

Vilke GM, Vilke TS, Rosen P: The completeness ofMEDLIN E for papers published in the
Journal of Emerge11cy Medicine. J Emerg Med 1995;13(4):457-460.

6.

Bauman BI:-l, Vilke G, Chan T: Dexametha sone use in croup. West J Med 1996;164(1):66.

7.

Vilke GM, Hayden SR: Intraorbital air in a patient status post-facial trauma. J Emerg Med .
1996;14(1):77.

8.

Vilke GM, Jacoby[, Manoguerra AS, Clark R: Disaster preparednes s of poison control
centers. Clin Toxicol 1996;34( I ):53-58.

9.

Vilke GM: "No woITies." J Emerg Med 1996;14(5):641-642.

10.

Vi Ike GM, Honingford EA: Cervical spine epidural abscess in a patient with no predisposin g
risk factors. Ann Emerg Med 1996;27(6):777-780.

11.

Vi Ike GM, Honingford EA: Diabetes and neck pain (Letter to the editor). Ann Emerg Med
1996;28(6):731.

12.

Vi Ike GM, Wulfert EA: Case reports of two patients presenting with pneumothor ax following
acupuncture. J Emerg Med 1997;15(2):155-157.

13.

Vilke GM: Chest pain in an elderly patient. J Emerg Med 1997; I 5(4):523.

14.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Neuman T, Clausen JL: Restraint position and positional asphyxia.
Ann Emerg Med 1997;30(5):578-586.

15.

Moss ST, Chan TC, Buchanan J, Dunford JV, Vi Ike GM: Outcome study of prehospital
patients signed out against medical advice by field paramedics. Ann Emerg Med 1998;
31 (2):247-250.

-

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Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATIONS. continued:
Articles
16.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Neutnan T: Reexamination of custody restraint position and positional
asphyxia. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 1998;19(3):201-205.

17.

Howard JD, Reay DT [32(1):116-117) I Chan TC, Vilke GM, Neuman T, Clausen J:
Positional asphyxia (Reply lo letter to the editor). Ann Emerg Med 1998;32(1 ): 117-118.

18. Vilke GM. Mahoney G, Chan TC: Postpartum coronary artery dissection. Ann Emerg Med
_1998;32(2):260-262.

19. Rosa CM, Schwartz BL, Vilke GM: The prehospital electrocardiogram: Future standard
of care? TopEmergMed 1998;20(3):23-29.
20.

Davis DP, Bramwell KJ, Vilke GM, Cardall TY, Yoshida E, Rosen P: Cricothyrotomy
technique: Standard versus the rapid four-step technique. J Enierg Med 1999; 17(1):17-21.

21.

Davis DP, Stephen KAC, Vilke GM: Inaccuracy in endotracheal tube verification using a
Toomey syringe. J Emerg Med 1999; 17(1 ):35-38.

22.

Friedman L, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Hayden SR, Guss DA, Krishel SJ, Rosen P: Emergency
department airway management before and after an emergency medicine residency. J Emerg
Med 1999; 17(3):427-431.

23.

Bramwell KJ, Davis DP, CardallTY, Yoshida E, Vilke GM, Rosen P: Use of the Trousseau
dilator in cricothyrotomy. J Emerg Med 1999;17(3):433-436.

24.

Cardall TY, Chan TC, Brady WJ, Pen-y JC, Vilke GM, Rosen P: Permanent cardiac
pacemakers: Issues relevant lo the emergency physician, Part I. J Emerg Med 1999; 17(3):
479-489.

25.

Cardall TY, Brady WJ, Chan TC, Pen-y JC, Vilke GM, Rosen P: Permanent cardiac
pacemakers: Issues relevant to the emergency physician, Part II. J Em erg Med 1999; 17(4):
697-709.

26.

Vilke GM, Buchanan J, Dunford N, Chan TC: Are heroin overdose deaths related to patient
release after prehospital treatment ~ith naloxone? Prehosp Emerg Care 1999;3(3): 183-186.

27.

Roppolo LP, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Krishel S, Hayden SR, Rosen P: Nasotracheal intubation
in the emergency depm1ment, revisited. J Emerg Med 1999; 17(5):791-799.

28.

Vilke GM: FOOSH injury with snuffbox tenderness. J Emerg Med 1999;17(5):899-900.

29.

Chan TC, Neuman T, Vilke GM, Clausen J, Clark RF: Metabolic acidosis in restraintassociated cardiac arrest (Letter to the editor). Acad Emerg Med 1999;6(10): I 075-1076.

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Curriculum Vitae·
Gary M. Vilkc, M.D., FACE!>, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATJONS, continued:
Articles

-

30.

Chan TC, Vi Ike GM, Bramwell KJ, Davis DP, Hamilton RS, Rosen P: Comparison of wireguided cricothyrotomy versus standard surgical cricothyrotomy technique. J Emerg Med
1999; 17(6):957-962.

31.

Reay DT, Howard JD [20(3):300-301] I Chan TC, Vilke GM, Neuman T: Restraint position
and positional asphyxia (Reply to letter to the editor). Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2000;
21(1):93.

32.

Vi Ike GM, Chan TC, Guss DA: Use of a complete neurological examination to screen for
significant intracranial abnomrnlities in minor head injury. Am J Emerg Med 2000; 18(2):
159-163.

33.

Sloane CM, Vilke G: The other olive associated with vomiting. J Emerg Med 2000;
18(3):375.

34.

Vilke GM, Chan TC, Neuman T, Clausen JL: Spirometry in nom1al subjects in sitting, prone,
and supine positions. Respir Care 2000;45(4):407-410.

35.

Ma G, Vilke GM: Amoebic abscess. J Emerg Med 2000;18(4):465-466.

36.

Davis DP, Bramwell KJ, Hamilton RS, Chan TC, Vilke GM: Safety and efficacy of the rapid
four-step technique for cricothyrotomy using a Bair Claw. J Emerg Med 2000; 19(2): 125-129.

37.

Sloane C, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Hayden SR, Hoyt DB, Rosen P: Rapid sequence intubation in
the field versus hospital in trauma patients. J Emerg Med 2000; 19(3):259-264.

38.

Gerling MC, Davis DP, Hamilton RS, Morris GF, Vilke GM, Garfin SR, Hayden SR: Effects
of cervical spine immobilization technique and laryngoscope blade selection on an unstable
cervical spine in a cadaver model of intubation. Ann Emerg Med 2000;36(4):293-300.

39.

Ochs M, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Moats T, Buchanan J: Successful prehospital airway
managemen rby EMT-Ds using the Combitube. Prehosp Emerg Care 2000;4(4):333-337.

40.

Vi Ike GM, Marino A, I~kander J, Chan TC: Emergency department patient knowledge of
medications. J Emerg Med 2000;19(4):327-330.

41.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Clausen J, Clark R, Schmidt P, Snowden T, Neuman T: The impact of
oleoresin capsicum spray on respiratory function in human subjects in the sitting and prone
maximal restraint positions, final report. NCJ 182433. Washington, DC: United States
Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, 2000, 68 pages.

42.

Gerling MC, Davis DP, Hamilton RS, Morris GF, Vilke GM, Garfin SR, Hayden SR:
Effect of surgical cricothyrotomy on the unstable cervical spine in a cadaver niodel of
intubation. J Emerg Med 2001 ;20(1):1-5.
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.)
I

Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLICAT IONS, continued:
Articles
43.

Vi Ike GM, Chan TC: Physician effect on out of hospital patients signing out against medical
advice. Pre-hospital Immediate Care 200 l ;5( 1):38-40.

44.

Davis DP, Kimbro TA, Vilke GM: The use ofmidazola m for prehospital rapid-sequence
intubation may be associated with a dose-related increase in hypotension. Prehosp Emerg
Care 200 I ;5(2): 163- J68.

45. Patel RJ, Vilke GM, Chan TC: The prehospital electrocardiogram. J Emerg Med 2001;
21 (1 ):35-39.

46.

Davis DP, Videen JS, Marino A, Vilke GM, Dunford JV, Van Camp SP, Maharam LG:
Exercise-in duced hyponatrem ia in marathon runners: A two-year experience. J Emerg Med
2001 ;21(1):47-57.

47.

Seltzer AG, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Fisher R, Dunford JV: Outcome study of minors after
parental refusal of paramedic transport. Prehosp Emerg Care 2001 ;5(3):278-283.

48.

Vilke GM, Marino A, Fisher R, Chan TC: Estimation of pediatric patient weight by EMT-Ps.
J Emerg Med 2001 ;21 (2): 125-128.

49.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Pollack M, Brady WJ: Electrocardiographic manifestations: Pulmonary
embolism. J Emerg Med 2001 ;21 (3):263-270.

50.

Morgan J / Sloane C, Vilke GM: Rapid sequence intubation in the field versus hospital in
trauma patients (Reply to letter to the editor). J Emerg Med 2001 ;21 ( 4):443-444.

51.

Chan TC, Vi Ike GM, Clausen J, Clark R, Schmidt P, Snowden T, Neuman T: Pepper spray's
effects on a suspect's ability to breathe. Research in Brief (NCJ 188069), December 2001.
Washington, DC: United States Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice.

52.

Vilke GM, Steen PJ, Smith AM, Chan TC: Out-of-hospital pediatric intubation by paramedics:
The San Diego experience. J EmergMed 2002;22(1):71-74.

53.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Clausen J, Clark RF, Schmidt P, Snowden T, Neuman T: The effect of
oleoresin capsicum "pepper" spray inhalation on respiratory function. J Forensic Sci 2002;
47(2):299-304.

54.

Vilke GM, Sharieff GQ, Marino A, Gerhart AE, Chan TC: Midazolam for the treatment of
out-of-hospital pediatric seizures. Prehosp Emerg Care 2002;6(2):215-217.

55.

Vilke GM, Chan TC: Agitated delirium and sudden death (Letter to the editor). Prehosp
Emerg Care 2002;6(2):2 59-260.

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Curriculum Vitae

GaryM. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATIONS, continued:
Articles

-

56.

Vilke GM, Fisher R, Chan TC: An evaluation-of the risk for latex allergy in prehospital EMS
providers. J Emerg Med 2002;22(4):345-348.

57.

Vilke GM: Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphy]axis. Prehosp Emerg Care 2002;
6(3):348-350.

58.

Vilke GM, Snyder B: High pressure paint spray gun injury. J Emerg Med 2002;23(2):
203-204.

59.

Chew GS, Vilke GM, Davis DP, Chan TC: ToomeyTM syringe aspiration may be inaccurate
in detecting esophageal intubation following gastric insufflation. J Emerg Med 2002;23(4):
337-340.

60.

Vi Ike GM: Aeromedical Emergencies: Intro to the section. J Emerg Med 2002;23(1):49.

61.

Vi Ike GM, Sardar W, Fisher R, Dunford JD, Chan TC: Follow-up ofelderly patients who
refuse transport after accessing 9-1-1. Prehosp Emerg Care 2002;6(4):391-395.

62.

Vi Ike GM: Great toe pain. J Emerg Med 2003;24(1 ):59-60.

63.

Davis JM, Vilke GM: An elderly patient with intussusception. J Emerg Med 2003;24(2):221.

64.

Austin T, Vilke GM, Nyheim E, Kelly D, Chan TC: Safety and effectiveness of methohexital
for procedural sedation in the emergency department. J Emerg Med 2003;24(3):315-318.

65.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Smith S, Sparrow W, Dunford JV: Impact of an after-hours on-call
emergency physician on ambulance transports from a county jail. Prehosp Emerg Care 2003;
7(3):327-331.

66.

Vilke GM, Chan TC, Neuman T: Patient Restraint in EMS: Prehosp Emerg Care 2003;
7(3):417.

67.

Deitch S, Davis DP, Schatteman J, Chan TC, Vilke GM: The use of etomidate for prehospital
rapid-sequence intubation. Prehosp Emerg Care 2003;7(3):380-383.

68.

Vi Ike GM, Sloane C, Smith AM, Chan TC: Assessment for deaths in out-of-hospital heroin
overdose patients treated with naloxone who refuse transport. Acad Emerg Med 2003;
10(8):893-896.

69.

Davis DP, Valentine C, Ochs M, Vilke GM, Hoyt DB: The Combitube as a salvage airway
device for paramedic rapid sequence intubation. Ann Emerg Med 2003;42(5):697-704.

70.

Calkins T, Chan TC, Clark RF, Stepanski B, Vilke GM: Review ofprehospital sodium
bicarbonate use for cyclic antidepressant overdose. Emerg Med J 2003;20:483-486 ..
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Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilkc, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATIONS, continued:
Articles
71.

Vilke GM, Brown L, Skogland P, Simmons C, Guss DA: Approach to decreasing emergency
department ambulance diversion hours. J Emerg Med 2004;26(2): 189-192.

72.

Vi Ike GM, Smith AM, Chan TC: Leaving against medical advice after out-of-hospital
naloxone: a closer look is needed. Acad Emerg Med 2004;11(3):323-324.

73.. Vilke GM, Harrigan RA, Ufberg JW, Chan TC: Emergency evaluation and treatment of
priapism. J Emerg Med 2004;26(3):325-329.
74.

Davis DP, Wold RM, Patel RJ, Tran AJ, Tokhi RN, Chan TC, Vilke GM: The clinical
presentation and impact of diagnostic delays on emergency department patients with spinal
epidural abscess. J Emerg Med 2004;26(3):285-291.

75.

Vilke GM, Harrigan RA, Ufuerg JW: Technical Tips: Intro to the section. J Emerg Med
2004;26(3):323.

76.

Doney MK, Vi Ike GM: Large osteosarcoma not apparent on conventional radiography.
J Emerg Med 2004;26(3):351-352.

77.

Chan TC, Ufberg J, Harrigan RA, Vi Ike GM: Nasal foreign body removal. J Emerg Med
2004;26(4):441-445.

78.

Vilke GM, Smith AM, Up ledger Ray L, Steen PJ, Mun-in PA, Chan TC: Airway obstruction
in children aged less than 5 years: The prehospital experience. Prehosp Emerg Care 2004;
8(2):196-199.

79.

Vilke GM, Jin A, Davis DP, Chan TC: Prospective randomized study of viscous lidocaine
versus benzocaine in a GI cocktail for dyspepsia. J Emerg Med 2004;27(1):7-9.

80.

Poste JC, Davis DP, Ochs M, Vilke GM, Castillo EM, Stem J, Hoyt DB: Air medical
transport of severely head-injured patients undergoing paramedic rapid sequence intubation.
Air Medical Journal 2004;23(4):36-40.

81.

Chan TC, Neuman T, Clausen J, Eisele J, Vilke GM: Weight force during prone restraint and.
respiratory function. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2004;25(3):185-189.

82.

Ufuerg JW, Vilke GM, Chan TC; Harrigan RA: Anterior shoulder dislocations: Beyond
traction-countertraction. J Emerg Med 2004;27(3):301-306.

83.

Vilke, GM: San Diego County wildfires: Perspective of county officials. Disaster Manag
Response 2004 Oct-Dec;2(4):99.

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Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilkc, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATIONS. continued:
Articles
84.

Vilke, GM, Castillo EM, Metz MA, Upledger Ray L, Murrin PA, Lev R, Chan TC:
Community trial to decrease ambulance diversion hours: The San Diego County patient
destination trial. Ann Emerg Med 2004;44(4):295-303.
·

85.

Vilke GM, Stepanski BM, Ray LU, Lutz MW, Murrin PA, Chan TC: 9-1-1 response~ for
shopping ca1t and stroller injuries. Pediatr Emerg Care 2004;20(10):660-663.

86.

Vilke GM, Castillo EM, Ray LU, Murrin PA, Chan TC: Evaluation of pediatric glucose
monitoring and hypoglycemic therapy in the field. Pediatr Emerg Care 2005;21 (1 ): 1-5.

87.

Vi Ike GM, Chan TC, Dunford JV, Metz M, Ochs G, Smith A, Fisher R, Poste JC,
McCallum-Brown L, Davis DP: The three-phase model of cardiac arrest as applied to
ventricular fibrillation in a large, urban emergency medical services system. Resuscitation
2005;64(3):341-346.

88.

Davis DP, Peay J, Sise MJ, Vilke GM, Kennedy F, Eastman AB, Velky T, Hoyt DB:
The impact of prehospital endotracheal intubation on outcome in moderate to severe traumatic
brain inji.1ry. J Trauma 2005;58(5):933-939.

89.

Davis DP, Grossman K, Kiggins DC, Vilke GM, Chan TC: The inadvertent administration of
anticoagulants to ED patients ultimately diagnosed with thoracic ao1tic dissection. Am J
Emerg Med 2005;23(4):439-442.

90.

Davis DP, Pettit K, Rom CD, Poste JC, Sise MJ, Hoyt DB, Vi Ike GM: The safety and
efficacy of prchospital needle and tube thoracostomy by aeromedical personnel. Prehosp
Emerg C.ire 2005;9(2):191-197.

91.

Davis DP, Peay J, Serrano JA, Buono C, Vilke GM, Sise MJ, Kennedy F, Eastman AB,
Velky T, Hoyt DB: The impact of aeromedical response to patients with moderate to severe
traumatic brain injury. Ann Emerg Med 2005;46(2):115-122.

92.

Davis DP, Vadeboncoeur TF, Ochs M, Poste JC, Vi Ike GM, Hoyt DB: The association
between field glasgow coma scale score and outcome in patients undergoing paramedic rapid
sequence intubation. J EmergMe d 2005;29(4):391-397.

93.

Davis DP, Wiesner C, Chan TC, Vi Ike GM: The efficacy of nebulized albuterol/ipratropium
bromide versus albuterol alone in the prehospital treatment of suspected reactive airways
disease. Prehosp Emerg Care 2005;9(4):386-390.

94.

Davis DP, Douglas DJ, Smith W, Sise MJ, Vilke GM, Holbrook TL, Kennedy F, Eastman AB,
Velky T, Hoyt DB: Traumatic brain injury outcomes in pre- and post-menopausal females
versus age-matched males. J Neurotrauma 2006;23(2):140-148.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

•

PUBLICATIO NS, continued:
Articles
95.

Davis DP, Idris AH, Sise MJ, Kennedy F, Brent Eastman A, Velky T, Vi Ike GM, Hoyt DB:
Early ventilation and outcome in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.
Crit Care Med 2006;34{4): 1202-1208.

96.

Dunford JV, Castillo EM, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Jenson P, Lindsay SP: Impact of the San
Diego Serial Inebriate Program on use of emergency medical resources. Ann Emerg Med
2006;4 7(4):328-336.

97.

Vadeboncoeur T, Davis DP, Ochs M, Poste JC, Hoyt DB, Vilke GM: The ability of
paramedics to predict aspiration in patients undergoing prehospital rapid sequence intubation.
J .Emerg Med 2006;30(2): 131-136.

98.

Davis DP, Serrano JA, Vilke GM, Sise MJ, Kennedy F, Eastman AB, Velky T, Hoyt DB:
The predictive value of field versus arrival Glasgow Coma Scale Score and TRISS calculations
in moderate-to-se vere traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2006;60(5):985 -990.

99.

Ramanujam P, Vilke GM: Prehospital management of the difficult airway. Clinical
Foundations 2006;7-1 l.

100. Vi Ike GM, Tomabene SV, Stepanski B, Shipp HE, Upledger Ray L, Metz MA, Vroman D,
Anderson M, Murrin PA, Davis DP, Harley J: Paramedic self-reported rnedication errors.
Prehosp Emerg Care 2006;10(4):45 7-462.

101. Goldstein EH, Hradecky G, Vi Ike GM, Chan TC: Impact of a standardized protocol to address
methicillin-res istant staphylococcus aureus skin infections at a large, urban county jail system.
J Correctional Health Care 2006;12(3):18 1-188.
102. Chappell S, Vi Ike GM, Chan TC, Harrigan RA, Ulberg JW: Peripheral venous cutdown.
J EmergMed 2006;31(4):41 1-416.
103. Lev R, Vi Ike G, Dunford J. San Diego Regional STEMI Summit. San Diego Physician.
2006;4:11-13.
104. Vilke GM, Smith AM, Stepanski B, Shipp HE, Up ledger Ray L, Murrin PA, Chan TC.
Impact of the San Diego County firestom1 on Emergency Medical Services. Prehosp Dis Med
2006;2 l (5):353-358.

•

105. Soroudi A, Shipp HE, Stepanski BM, Ray LU, Murrin PA, Chan TC, Davis DP, Vilke GM.
Adult foreign body airway obstruction in the prehospital setting. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2007
Jan-Mar; 11 (I ):25-9 .
106. Michalewicz BA, Chan TC, Vi Ike GM, Levy SS, Neuman TS, Kolkhorst FW. Ventilatory
and metabolic demands during aggressi_ve physical restraint in healthy adults. J Forensic Sci
2007;52(1 ): 171-175.
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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATIONS. continued:
Articles
107. Vilke GM, Tornabene SY, Stepanski B, Shipp HE, Upledger Ray L, Metz MA, Vroman D,
Anderson M, Murrin PA, Davis DP, Harley J: Paramedic self-reported medication errors.
Prehosp Emerg Care 2007;11(1):80-84.
I 08. Dolkas L, Stanley C, Smith AM, Vi Ike GM. Deaths associated with choking in San Diego
county. J Forensic Sci. 2007;52(1 ): 176-9.
109. Harrigan RA, Chan TC, Moonblatt S, Vilke GM, Ufberg JW. Temporary transvenous
pacemaker placement in the Emergency Department. J Emerg Med 2007;32( 1):105-111.
110. Davis DP, Kene M, Vilke GM, Sise MJ, Kenriedy F, Eastman AB, Velky T, Hoyt DB. HeadInjured Patients Who "Talk and Die": The San Diego Perspective. J Trauma. 2007
Feb;62(2):277-281.
111. Ma G, Davis DP, Schmitt J, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Hayden SR. The sensitivity and specificity
of transcricothyroid ultrasonography to confim1 endotracheal tube placement in a cadaver
model. J Emerg Med 2007;32(4):405-414.
112. Davis DP, Fisher R, Aguilar S, Metz M, Ochs G, McCallum-Brown L, Ramanujam P, Buono
C, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Dunford JV. The feasibility of a regional cardiac arrest receiving
system. Resuscitation. 2007;74(1):44-51.
113. Levine SD, Sloane CM, Chan TC, Dunford JV, Vilke GM. Cardiac monitoring of human
subjects exposed to the taser. J Emerg Med. 2007;33(2):113-7.
114. Firestone D, Wos A, Killeen JP, Chan TC, Guluma K, Davis DP, Vilke GM. Can urine
dipstick be used as a surrogate for serum creatinine in emergency department patients who
undergo contrast studies? J Emerg Med. 2007;33(2): 119-22.
115. Khaleghi M, Loh A, Vroman D, Chan TC, Vilke GM. The effects of minimizing ambulance
diversion hours on emergency departments. J Emerg Med. 2007;33(2): 155-9.
116. Davis DP, Graydon C, Stein R, Wilson S, Buesch B, Berthiaume S, Lee D, Rivas J, Vilke
GM, Leahy DR. The positive predictive value of paramedic versus emergency physician
interpretation of the prehospital 12:..lead electrocardiogram. Prehosp Emerg Care
2007;11(4):399-402.

•

117. Vi]ke GM, Chan TC. Less lethal technology: medical issues. Policing 2007;30(3):341-357.
118. Vilke GM, Sloane CM, Bouton KO, Kolkhorst FW, Levine SD, Neuman TS, Castillo EM,
Chan T Physiological Effects of a Conducted Electrical Weapon on Human Subjects. Ann
Emerg Med. 2007:.50(5):569-75.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

POBLICATIO NS, continued:
Articles
119. Conroy C, Eastman AB, Stanley C, Vi Ike GM, Vaughan T, Hoyt DB, Pacyna S. Fatal
Positional Asphyxia Associated With RolJover Crashes. Am J Forensic Med Pathol.
2007;28(4):330-332.
120. Vilke GM, Sloane C, Levine S, Neuman T, Castillo E, Chan TC. Twelve-lead
electrocardiogram monitoring of subjects before and after voluntary exposure to the Taser
X26.Am J Em erg Med. 2008;26(1 ): 1-4.

121. Sloane CM, Chan TC, Viike GM. Thoracic Spine Compression Fracture after TASER
Activation. J Emerg Med. 2008:34(3):283-5.
122. Sloane C, Vilke GM. Death by Tasercution Rare. Emergency Medicine News. 2008;30(3):7.
123. Chan TC, Harrigan RA, Utberg J, Vi Ike GM. Mandibular Reduction. J Emerg Med.
2008;34(4):435-40.
124. Tornabene SV, Deutsch R, Davis DP, Chan TC, Vilke GM. Evaluating the use and timing of
opioids for the treatment of migraine headaches in the emergency department. J Emerg Med.
2009 May;36(4):333-7. Epub 2008 Feb 14.
125. Vilke GM, Utberg JW, Harrigan RA, Chan TC. Evaluation and Treatment of Acute Urinary
Retention. J Emerg Med. 2008;35(2):193-8.
126. Sloane CM, Chan TC, Levine SD, Dunford JV, Neuman T, Vilke GM. Serum Troponin I
Measurement of Subjects Exposed to the Taser X-26{R). J Emerg Med. 2008;35(1 ):29-32
127. Tornabene S, Vilke GM. Gradenigo's Syndrome. J Emerg Med. 2008 Feb 23; [Epub ahead of
print]
128. Vilke GM, Sloane CM, Neuman T, Castillo EM, Chan TC, Kolkhorst F. In reply to Taser
safety remains unclear. Ann Emerg Med. 2008 Jul;52(1):85-86.
129. Sloane CM, Vilke GM. Medical Aspects of Less-Lethal Weapons. Law Enforcement
Executive Forum. 2008;8(4):81-94.
130. Conroy C, Stanley C, Eastman AB, Vauglm T, Vilke GM, Hoyt DB, Pacyna S, Smith A.
Asphyxia: A Rare Cause of Death for Motor Vehicle Crash Occupants. Am J Forensic Med
Pathol. 2008;29:14-18.
131. Ramanujam P, Castillo E, Patel E, Vilke G, Wilson MP, Dunford JV. Prehospital transport
time intervals for acute stroke patients. J Emerg Med. 2009 Jul;37(1):40-5. Epub 2008 Aug
23.

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Curriculum Vitae
GaryM. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATJONS, continued:
Articles
132. Chan TC, Killeen JP, Castillo EM, Yi Ike GM, Guss DA, Feinberg R, Friedman, L. Impact of
an Internet-Based Emergency Department Appointment System to Access Primary Care at
Safety Net Community Clinics. Ann Emerg Med 2008 Dec. [Epub ahead of print]
133. Vilke GM, Johnson WD 3rd, Castillo EM, Sloane C, Chan TC. Tactical and subject
considerations of in-custody deaths proximal to use of conductive energy devices. Am J
Forensic Med Pathol. 2009;Mar;30(1):23-5.
134. Firestone DN, Band RA, Hollander JE, Castillo E, Vi Ike GM. Use of a Urine Dipstick and
Brief Clinical Questionnaire to Predict an Abnormal Senim Creatinine in the Emergency
Department. Acad Emerg Med. 2009;16(8):699-703.
135. Vilke GM, Sloane CM, Suffecool A, Kolkhorst FW, Neuman TS, Castillo EM, Chan TC.
Physiologic Effects of the T ASER After Exercise. Acad Em erg Med. 2009; 16(8):704-710.
136. Vilke GM, Wilson MP. Agitation: What every emergency physician should know. EM
Reports. 2009 30(19):1-8.
137. Doney MK, Vi Ike GM. Case Report: Aortoenteric Fistula Presenting as Repeated
Hematochezia. J Emerg Med. 2010 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of print]
138. Vilke GM, Sloane C, Castillo EM, Kolkhorst FW, Neuman TS, Chan TC. Evaluation of the
Ventilatory Effects ofa Restraint Chair on Human Subjects.I Emerg Med. 2010 Jan 13. [Epub
ahead of print]
139. Chan TC, Killeen JP, Vilke GM, Marshall JB, Castillo EM.Effect of Mandated Nurse-Patient
Ratios on Patient Wait Time and Care Time in the Emergency Department. Acad Emerg Med.
201 O; 17:545-552
140. Vilke GM, Chan TC. Evaluation and Management for Carotid Dissection in Patients
Presenting after Choking or Strangulation. J Em erg Med. 2010 Apr 2. [Epub ahead of J?rint]
141. Wilson, MP, MacDonald KS, Vilke GM, Feifel D. Potential complications of combining
intramuscular olanzapine with benzodiazepines in emergency department patients. J Emerg
Med. 2010 June 11. [Epub ahead of print]

•

142. Castillo EM, Vilke GM, Williams M, Turner P, Boyle J, Chan TC. Collaborative to Decrease
Ambulance Diversion: The California Emergency Department Diversion Project. J Emerg
Med. 2010 Apr IO. [Epub ahead of print]

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Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLJCA TIONS. continued:
Articles
143. Hostler D, Thomas EG, Emerson SS, Christenson J, Stiell IG, Rittenberge r JC, Gonnan KR,
. Bigham BL, Callaway CW, Vilke GM, Beaudoin T, Cheskes S, Craig A, Davis DP, Reed A,
Idris A, Nichol G; The Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium Investigators. Increased survival
after EMS witnessed cardiac arrest. Observations from the Resuscitation Outcomes
Consortium (ROC) Epistry-Cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2010 Jul;81 (7):826-30. Epub 2010
Apr 18.
144. Macdonald K, Wilson MP, Minassian A, Vi Ike GM, Perez R, Cobb P, Tallian K, Becker 0,
Feifel D. A retrospective analysis of intramuscul ar haloperidol and intramuscular olanzapine
in the treatment of agitation in drng- and alcohol-using patients. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2010
July-Augus t;32(4):443 -445. Epub 2010 Jun 12 .

•
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Ct111'iculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACE!>, FAA EM

•

•

PUBLICATIONS. continued:
Abstracts
1.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Hayden SR: Structured curriculum in domestic violence and child
abuse for emergency medicine residents. Acad Emerg Med 1996;3(5):51 l.

2.

Moss ST, Vi Ike GM, Chan TC, Dunford JD: Outcomes study of out-of-hospital patients
signed out against medical advice by field paramedics. Acad Emer:g Med 1997;4(5):4 l 3.

3.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Neuman TS, Clausen JL: Does the hobble restraint position result in
respiratory compromise? Acad Emerg Med l 997;4(5):459.

4.

Evans SD, Fisher RP, Vilke GM, Chan TC: Accuracy of urban field paramedics estimating
blood loss. Acad Emerg Med 1997;4(5):459.

5.

Davis DP, Bramwell KJ, Vi Ike GM, Rosen P: Cricothyrotomy technique: Standard technique
versus the rapid four-step technique. Acad Emerg Med l 997;4(5):488.

6.

Bramwell K, Vi Ike G, Davis D, Rosen P: Cricothyrotomy technique: Use of the Trousseau
dilator for initial widening and subsequent stabilization of the opening during endotracheal
tube passage. Ann Emerg Med 1997;30(3):419.

7.

Neuman TS, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Clausen JL: Changes in pulmonary function associated
with position. Undersea & Hyperbaric Med 1997;24(Suppl):13.

8.

Moats T, Chan TC, Ochs M, Buchanan J, Vilke GM: Successful out-of-hospital airway
management by emergency medical technician-Ts using the Com bi tube. Acad Emerg Med
1998;5(5):388.

9.

Hamilton RS, Davis DP, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Hayden SR: The effect ofblade type and
cervical spinal immobilization on Iaryngoscopy in a cadaver model of intubation. Acad
Emerg Med 1998;5(5):397.

10.

Vilke GM, Chan TC, Neuman 1'; Clausen JL: The effect of body position on pulmonary
function. Acad Emerg Med 1998;5(5):397.

11.

Friedman L, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Hayden SR, Krishel SJ, Rosen P: Emergency department
airway management before and after the start of an emergency medicine residency training
program. Acad Emerg Med 1998;5(5):444.

12.

Davis DP, Bramwell KJ, Hamilton RS, Chan TC, Vilke GM: Cricothyrotomy speed and
safety: A comparison between standard open technique and rapid four-step technique using
a novel device. Acad Emerg Med 1998;5(5):483 .

13.

Davis DP, Fisher RP, Chan TC, Dunford JV, Vilke GM: Rapid-sequence induction for
out-of-hospital intubations: A multimedia course designed for paramedics. Acad Emerg Med
1998;5(5):502.
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•

Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATIONS, continued:
Abstracts
14.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Buchanan J, Anderson M: Patient ethnicity and age in prehospital
emergency ambulance use and acuity rates. Prehospital Emerg Care l 998;2(3):223.

15.

Marino AT, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Buchanan J: Precision ofprehospital diazepam dosing for
children ,in status epilepticus. Prehospital Emerg Care 1998;2{3):232.

16.

Marino AT, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Buchanan J: Comparison ofprehospital IV and rectal
diazepam for the treatment of pediatric seizures. Prehospital Emerg Care 1998;2(3):233.

17.

Vilke GM, Chan TC, Buchanan J, Dunford JV: Are opiate overdose deaths related to patient
release after prehospital naloxone? Prehospital Emerg Care 1998;2(3):236.

18.

Vilke GM, Dunford JV, Buchanan J, Chan TC: Are opiate overdose deaths related to patient
release after naloxone? Ann Emerg Med 1998;32(3)Part 2:S6.

· 19.

Gerling MC, Hamilton RS, Davis DP, Morris GF, Vilke GM, Hayden SR, Gartin SR: Effects
of cervical spine immobilization technique and laryngoscope blade selection on an unstable
cervical spine injury in a cadaver model of intubation. Ann Errierg Med 1998;32(3)Part
2:S13.

20.

Marino AT, Chan TC, Buchanan J, Vi Ike GM: Precision of prehospital diazepam dosing for
children in status epilepticus. Ann Emerg Med 1998;32(3)Part 2:S30.

21.

Marino AT, Vilke GM, Buchanan J, Chan TC: Comparison ofprehospital intravenous and
rectal diazepam for the treatment of pediatric seizures. Ann Emerg Med I 998;32(3)Part 2:S30.

22.

Davis D, Bramwell K, Hamilton R, Chan T, Vilke G: The fresh-frozen cadaver free-larynx
model for cricothyrotomy training. Ann Emerg Med l 998;32(3)Part 2:S34-S35.

23.

Sloane C, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Hayden SR, Krishel SJ, Rosen P: Rapid sequence induction
intubation of trauma patients in the prehospital versus hospital setting. Ann Emerg Med 1998;
32(3)Part 2:S50.

24.

Chan TC, Bramwell K, Hamilton R, Davis D, Vi Ike GM: Comparison ofMelcker
cricothyrotomy versus standard technique in human cadaver model. Ann Emerg Med 1998;
32(3)Part 2:S50-S51.

25.

Chew GS, Chan TC, Bramwell K, Davis DP, Vilke GM: Does the syringe esophageal
detector device accurately detect an esophageal intubation following gastric distention from
air insufflation? Ann Emerg Med 1998;32(3)Part 2:S51 .

26.

Chan TC, Vi Ike GM, Kramer M, Buchanan J, Dunford J: Does a complete neurologic
examination adequately screen for significant intracranial abnonnalities in minor head injury?
J Emerg Med 1998; 16(5):804.
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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS. continued:
Abstracts

•

27.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, KramerM, Buchanan J, Dunford J: Does GCS score affect prehospital
·
intubation success rates in trauma patients? J Emerg Med 1998;16(5):804-805.

28.

Vilke GM, Chan TC, Guss DA: Prospective study on the utility of head CT scan in patients
with minor head injury and GCS scores of 15. J Emerg Med 1998; 16(6):984.

29.

Chan TC, Vi Ike GM, Ray LU, Anderson ME: Use ofprehospital crash injury data to assess
regional automobile safety restraint use. Prehospital Emerg Care 1999;3(1):83-84.

30.

Vilke GM, Chan TC: Effect of a physician speaking directly to prehospital patients who want
to sign out against medical advice. Prehospital Emerg Care 1999;3(1 ):90.

31.

Marino-A, Vilke GM, Chan TC: Urban paramedics experience, comfort, and accuracy in the
estimation of pediatric weights. Prehospital Emerg Care 1999;3(1):92.

32.

Chan TC, Bramwell KJ, Davis DP, Hamilton RS, Vilke GM: Comparison of wire-guided
percutaneous Melcker cricothyrotomy versus standard cricothyrotomy technique in human
cadaver models. Acad Emerg Med 1999;6(5):514.

33.

Ma G, Hayden SR, Chan TC, Vi Ike GM, Schmitt J, Chan D: Using ultrasound to visualize
and confinn endotracheal intubation. Acad Emerg Med 1999;6{5):515.

34.

Hamilton RS, Davis DP, Nordt SP, Vilke GM, Chan TC: Lidocaine administration through
an esophageaJly placed Combitube in a canine model. Acad Emerg Med l 999;6(5):519-520.

35.

Chew GS, Chan TC, Bramwell K, Davis DP, Vilke GM: Does gastric distention from air
insufflation affect the accuracy of the syringe esophageal detector device in detecting
esophageal inn1bation? Acad Emerg Med 1999;6{5):520.

36.

Vilke GM, Marino A, Tskander J, Chan TC: Knowledge of prescribed medications by
emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med 1999;6{5):539.

37.

Davis D, Marino A, Vilke G, Dunford J, Videen J: Hyponatremia in marathon runners:
Experience with the inaugural rock 'n' roll marathon. Ann Emerg Med 1999;34(4)Part 2:
S40-S41.

38.

Davis DP, Kimbro T, Vilke GM: The use of rnidazolam for prehospital rapid-sequence
intubation may be associated with a dose-related increase in hypotension. Prehosp Emerg
Care 2000;4(1):90 .

39.

Marino AT, SharieffG, Gerhart AE, Chan TC, Vilke GM: The efficacy and complication rate
of prehospital midazolam for the treatment of pediatric seizures. Prehosp Emerg Care 2000;
4(1):92.
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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS. continued:
Abstracts

•

40.

Eisele JW, Chan T, Vilke G, Neuman T, Clausen J: Comparison ofrespiratory function in
the prone maximal restraint position with and without additional weight force on the back.
Proceedings of the American Acadamy of Forensic Sciences 2000;VI:202.

41.

Chan TC, Vi Ike GM, Neuman T, Clark RF, Clausen J: Effect of oleoresin capsicum.
Acad Emerg Med 2000;7(5):471.

42.

Vilke GM, Marino A, Chan TC: Survey of paramedics for latex allergy risk factors.
Acad Emerg Med 2000;7(5):483.

43.

Schmitt JM, Ma G, Hayden SR, Vilke G, Chan T: Suprastemal versus cricothyroid ultrasound
probe position in the confim1ation of endotracheal tube placement by bedside ultrasound.
Acad Emerg Med 2000;7(5):526.

44.

Schmitt JM, Ma G, Hayden SR, Vilke G, Chan T: Use of new air absorbing ultrasound
contrast in the confirmation of endotracheal tube placement by bedside ultrasound. Acad
Emerg Med 2000;7(5):526.

45.

Wold RM, Davis DP, Patel R, Chan TC, Vilke GM: Original clinical decision guideline to
identify patients with spinal epidural abscess. Acad Emerg Med 2000;7(5):574~575.

46.

Ma G, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Schmitt J, Hayden SR: Con.finning endotracheal intubation using
ultrasound. Ann Emerg Med 2000;36(4)Part 2:S20-S21.

47.

Deitch S, Vilke GM, Marino A, Vroman D, Chan TC: Effect ofprehospital use of
nitroglycerine on EKG findings in patients with chest pain. J Emerg Med 2001 ;20(3):321.

48.

Chan TC, Vi Ike GM, Neuman T, Clausen J, Schmidt P, Snowden T, Clark RF: Does
oleoresin capsicum "pepper spray" exposure impact cardiovascular function in human
subjects? Acad Emerg Med 2001 ;8(5):442.

49.

Chan TC, Vi Ike GM, Bender S, Saldamando V, Smith J, Dunford JV: Effect of a multidiscipl'inary community homeless outreach team on emergency department visits by homeless
alcoholics. Acad Emerg Med 2001 ;8(5):486.

50.

Davis DP, Ochs M, Hoyt DB, Vilke GM, Dunford JV: The use of the Combitube as a salvage
airway device for paramedic rapid-sequence intubation. Acad Emerg Med 2001 ;8(5):500.

51.

Vilke GM, Simmons C, Brown L, Skogland P, Guss DA: Approach to decreasing emergency
department ambulance diversion hours. Acad Emerg Med 2001 ;8(5):526 .

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS, continued:
Abstracts
52.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Clausen J, Clark R, Schmidt P, Snowden T, Neuman T: Impact of
oleoresin capsicum spray on respiratory function in human subjects in the sitting and prone
maximal restraint positions positions, 1998 (computer file). Inter-university Consortium for
Political and Social Research (distributor), 2001.

53.

Cardall TY, Glasser JL, Davis D, Vi Ike GM: Cricothyrotomy training in emergency medicine
residencies. Ann Emerg Med 2001 ;38(4):S9.

54.

Chan TC, Dunford JV, Vi Ike GM, Hix A, Schnell S, Liening J, Edgar J: Effect of a multidisciplinary serial inebriate program on emergency department visits by chronic alcoholics in
two urban area hospitals. Ann Emerg Med 2001 ;38(4):S33.

55.

Valentine C, Davis D, Ochs M, Hoyt D, Bailey D, Vilke G: The use of the Com bi tube as a
salvage airway device for paramedic rapid-sequence intubation. Prehosp Emerg Care
2002;6(1):144.

56.

Chan TC, Dunford JV, Smith S, Sparrow W, Vi Ike GM: Impact of an on-call physician on
emergency 911 transports from a county jail. Prehosp Emerg Care 2002;6(1): 162.

57.

Vilke GM, Sardar W, Fisher R, Dunford JV, Chan TC: Follow-up of elderly patients who
refuse transport after accessing 9-1-1. Prehosp Em erg Care 2002;6( 1): 164.

58.

Vilke GM, Steen PJ, Smith AM, Chan TC: Out-of-hospital pediatric intubation by
paramedics: The San Diego experience. Prehosp Emerg Care 2002;6(1 ):165.

59.

Jin AS, Chan T, Davis D, Vi Ike G: Prospective randomized study of viscous lidocaine vs
Hurricaine in a GI cocktail for dyspepsia. Acad Emerg Med 2002;9(5):381-382.

60.

Jenson P, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Leining J, Schnell R, Chester R, Berthelet J, Marcotte A,
Simmons C, KellyD, Dunford J: Impact of a multi-disciplinary, community serial inebriate
program on ED visits by chronic alcoholics to three urban emergency departments. Acad
Emerg Med 2002;9(5):389.

61.

Austin T, Chan TC, Nyheim E, Kelly D, Vilke GM: Does the addition of parenteral opiate
pre-medication increase risk for complications when combined with methohexital for
moderate procedural sedation in the ED? Acad Emerg Med 2002;9(5):407.

62.

Glasser JL, Cardall TY, Podboy M, Vilke GM: Out-of-hospital pediatric rapid-sequence
intubation by an aeromedical provider. Acad Emerg Med 2002;9(5):422-423.

63.

Chan TC, Austin T, Nyheim E, Kelly D, Vilke GM: Does parenteral opiate premedication
increase risk of complications when combined with methohexital for orthopedic reductions in
the emergency department? Ann Emerg Med 2002;40(4):S7-S8.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS,.continued:
Abstracts
64.

Davis D, Tokhi R, Wold R, Patel R, Chan T, Vilke G: The clinical presentation and outcome
of emergency department patients with spinal epidural abscess. Ann Emerg Med 2002;40(4):
S103.

65.

Vilke GM, Loh A: A prospective study of minimizing ambulance diversion and its effects on
emergency department census and hospital admissions. Prehosp Emerg Med 2003;7(1 ): 171.

66.

Buono C, Vilke GM, Schwartz B, Brown L, Swabb C: Identifying reasons for and outcomes
of patients who access 9-1-1, then sign out against medical advice. Prehosp Emerg Med
2003;7(1 ): 172.

67.

Vilke GM, Sloane C, Smith AM, Chan TC: Assessment for deaths in prehospital heroin
overdose patients treated with Naloxone who refuse transport. Prehosp Emerg Med
2003;7(1):190.

68.

Vilke GM, Lev R, Castillo EM, Murrin PA, Chan Tc:· prospective countywide trial to
decrease ambulance diversion hours. Acad Em erg Med 2003; 10(5):465.

69.

Tran A, Davis DP, Wold RM, Patel R, Chan TC, Vilke GM: The use ofrisk factor
assessment to screen for spinal epidural abcess in emergency department patients with spine
pain. Acad Emerg Med 2003;10(5):569.

70.

Chan TC, Kelso D, Dunford JV, Vilke GM: Can trained health educators provide screening,
brief intervention and referral services in an academic teaching hospital emergency
department? Acad Emerg Med 2003; 10(5):515.

71.

Vilke GM, Lev R, Castillo EM, Metz MA, Murrin PA, Chan TC: The effect of decreasing
ambulance diversion hours on emergency department interfacility transfers. Ann Emerg Med
2003;42(4):S6.

72.

Vilke GM, Lev R, Castillo EM; Metz MA, Murrin PA, Chan TC: San Diego County
improved patient destination trial to decrease emergency department diversion hours and
diverted patients. Ann Emerg Med 2003;42(4):S2.
·

73.

Chan TC, Clausen J, Neuman T, Eisele JW, Vilke GM: Does weight force during physical
restraint cause respiratory compromise? Ann Emerg Med 2003;42(4):Sl 7.

74.

Davis D, Grossman K, Vilke G, Kiggins D, Chan TC: Inadvertent anticoagulation of
emergency department patients with aortic dissection. Ann Emerg Med 2003;42(4):S99.

75.

Vi Ike GM, Wiesner C, Davis DP, Chan TC: The efficacy of adding ipratropium bromide to
albuterol for the prehospital treatment of reactive airways disease. Prehosp Emerg Care 2004;
8(1):112.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS, continued:
Abstracts
76.

Vi Ike GM, Vadeboncoeur T, Davis DP, Poste JC, Ochs M, Hoyt DB: The predictive value of
paramedic assessment of aspiration in patients undergoing RSI. Prehosp Emerg Care 2004;
8(1):88-89.

77.

Vilke G, Castillo E, Metz M, Mu1Tin P, Ray LU, Lev R, Chan T: Community trial to decrease
ambulance diversion of patients and hours. Prehosp Emerg Care 2004;8(1):84.

78.

Chan TC, Killeen JP, Kelly D, Vilke GM, Guss DA: Impact of a rapid emergency department
entry and an accelerated care initiative on patient wait times and length of stay. Acad Emerg
Med 2004; 11 (5):485.

79.

Davis DP, Vadeboncoeur TF, Poste JC, Vi Ike GM, Ochs M, Hoyt DB: The use of field
Glasgow coma scale to screen severely head-injured patients to undergo paramedic rapid
sequence intubation. Acad Emerg Med 2004; 11 (5):492.

80.

Patel RJ, Davis D, Vi Ike GM, Chan TC: Comparison of wire-guided cricothyrotomy
technique with and without balloon-cuffed endotracheal tubes vs. standard surgical
cricothyrotomy. Acad Emerg Med 2004; 11 (5):522.

80.

Vilke GM, Chan TC, Dunford JV, Poste JC, Metz M, Ochs G, Smith A, Fisher R,
McCall um-Brown L, Davis DP: The three-phase model of cardiac a1Test as applied to
ventricular fibrillation in a large, urban emergency medical services system. Acad Emerg
Med 2004; 11 (5):604.

82.

Hutton K, Swanson E, Vi Ike G, Davis D, Jones S, Hoogeveen B: Cricothyrotomies by air
medical providers in 2853 patient intubations. Air Med J 2004;23(5):33.

83.

Davis D, Buono C, Vi Ike G, Sise M, Eastman B, Kennedy F, Vi Ike T, Hoyt D: The efficacy
of air medical response to patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Air Med J
2004;23(5):31.

84.

Hutton K, Swanson E, Vi Ike G, Davis D, Jones S, Hoogeveen B: Laryngoscopic visualization
grade predicts difficult intubations by air medical crews in the prehospital setting. Air Med J
2004;23(5):30.

85.

Hutton K, Swanson E, Vilke G, Davis D, Jones S, Hoogeveen B: Success and failure rates of
RSI versus non-RSI intubations by air medical providers in 2853 patients. Air Med J 2004;
23(5):30.

86.

Metz M, Marcotte A, Vi Ike GM: The effect of decreasing ambulance diversion hours on ed
interfacility transfers. J Emerg Nurs 2004;30(5):411.

87.

Metz M, Murrin P, Vilke GM: Community trial to decrease ambulance diversion hours: the
San Diego county patient destination trial. J Emerg Nurs 2004;30(5):4 l 0.
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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilkc, M.D., FACEP, FAA EM

PUB LICATIONS. continued:
Abstracts
88.

Metz M, Murrin P, Vi Ike GM: The three-phase EMS cardiac arrest model for ventricular
.fibrillation. J Emerg Nurs 2004;30(5):405.

89.

Vilke GM, Murrin P, Gardina L, Upledger Ray L, Stepanski B, Chan TC: Impact of a new
booster seat law. Ann Emerg Med 2004;44(4):S39-S40.

90.

Vi Ike GM, Marcotte A, Metz M, Upledger Ray L: Pain management in the out-of-hospital
setting. Ann Emerg Med 2004;44(4):S63.

91.

Vi Ike GM, Murrin PA, Marcotte A, Up ledger RL: Impact of the San Diego County firestom1
on emergency medical services. Ann Emerg Med 2004;44{4):S 102-S 103.

92.

Davis DP, Pettit K, Poste JC, Vilke GM: The efficacy of out-of-hospital needle and tube
thoracostomy in major trauma victims. Ann Emerg Med 2004;44(4):S 103.

93.

Buono CJ, Davis DP, Vilke GM, Stepanski B. Esophageal Intubation in an EMS system: a
· six-year experience. Prehosp Emerg Care 2005; 9(1):113.

94.

Dunford JV, Vilke GM, Chan TC. Utilization of EMS and hospital resources by serial
inebriate program (SIP) clients. Prehosp Emerg Care 2005; 9(1 ): 116.

95.

Davis DP, Serrano JA, Buono CJ, Vilke GM, Sise MJ, Hoyt DB. The predictive value of field
and an-ival Glasgow coma score in moderate-to-severe brain injury. Prehosp Emerg Care
2005; 9(1):124.

96.

Vilke GM, Castillo EM, Upledger-Ray L, Davis DP, Murrin PA, Kennedy F, Cox S, Coimbra
R. Evaluation of paramedic field triage of injured patients to trauma centers and emergency
departments. Prehosp Emerg Care 2005; 9(1):125.

97.

Vilke GM, Harley J, Metz M, Stepanski B, Vroman D, Anderson M, Shipp H. Paramedic
self-reported medication errors in an anonymous survey. Prehosp Emerg Care 2005; 9(1):127.

98.

Bush J, Chan TC, Killeen JP, Vilke GM. The effect of changing from a latex agglutination DDimer to an ELISA D-Dimer on emergency physicians ordering imaging studies practices to
evaluate for pulmonary embolism. Acad Emerg Med 2005; 12(5):41.

99.

Vilke GM, Michalewicz B, Kolkhorst FW, Neuman T, Chan TC. Does weight force during
physical restraint cause respiratory compromise? Acad Emerg Med 2005; 12(5): 16.

100. Levine SD, Sloane C, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Dunford J. Cardiac monitoring of subjects
exposed to the Taser. Acad Emerg Med 2005; 12(5):71.
101. Davis DP, Buono C, Se1Tano J, Vi Ike GM, Sise MJ, Hoyt DB. The impact of hyper- and
hypoventilation on outcome in traumatic brain injury. Acad Emerg Med 2005;12(5):138-139.
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CuJTiculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilkc, M.D., FACE!>, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS, continued:
Abstracts
102. Davis D, Buono C, Ramanujam P, Fisher R, Vi Ike GM, Chan TC, Metz M, Dunford J:
The potential safety of designated cardiac arrest receiving facilities. Ann Emerg Med
2005;46(3):S 17.
103. Chan TC, Killeen JP, Kelly DL, Vilke GM, Guss DA: Accelerated care fit triage: Physiciandirected ancillary testing at triage for patients waiting in an emergency department. Ann ·
Emerg Med 2005;46(3):Sl07-S108.

I 04. Lev R, Vilke G, Dunford J: San Diego Regional STEMI Summit. San Diego Physician.
2005;4: 11-13.
105. Davis D, Reynoso J, Harley J, Kanegaye J, Buono C, Vi Ike G: The natural history of
pediatric patients meeting criteria for paramedic intraosseous catheter insertion. Prehosp
Emerg Care 2006; 10( l ): 110.

.e

106. Davis D, Ramanujam P, Buono C, Vi Ike G: The sensitivity of capnometry to detect
endotracheal intubation: Where should we draw the line? Prehosp Ei:nerg Care 2006;
10(1):118 .
107. Levine S, Sloane C, Chan T, Dunford J, Vi Ike G: Cardiac monitoring of subjects exposed to
the Taser. Prehosp Emerg Care 2006; 10(1 ): 130.
108. Levine SD, Sloane C, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Dunford J: Cardiac monitoring of human
subjects exposed to the taser. Acad Emerg Med 2006; 13(5 Supp 1):S47.
109. Vi Ike GM, Dolkas L, Stanley C, Smith AM, Chan TC: Evaluation of deaths associated with
choking. Acad Emerg Med 2006;13(5 Supp 1):S49.
110. -Chan TC, Vilke GM, Michalewicz BA, Neuman T, Levy S, Kolkhorst F: Does physical
restraint impact metabolic oxygen consumption during exertion? Acad Emerg Med 2006;
13(5 Supp 1):S46.
111. Castillo EM, Vi Ike GM, Sturgis KN, Chan TC, Lindsay SP, Dunford JV: Decrease of health
care service utilization among chronic public inebriates. Acad Emerg Med 2006;13
(5 Supp 1):SI 05-106.
112. Vilke G, Johnson W, Castillo EM, Ederheimer JA, Wexler C, Sloane CM, Chan TC:
Evaluation of in-custody deaths proximal to use of conductive energy devices. Ann Emerg
Med 2006;48(4 Supp l):S23-S24.
113. Tornabene SY, Chan TC, Davis DP, Deutsch R, Vilke GM: Evaluating the use and timing of
opioids for th~ treatment of migraine headaches in the ED. Ann Emerg Med 2006;48
(4 Supp 1):S59-S60.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS. continued:
Abstracts
114. Davis D, Salazar A, Vitke G, Chan T: The utility of a novel decision rule to diagnose spinal
epidural abscess in ED patients with back pain. Ann Emerg Med 200(5;48(4 Supp 1):S66.
115.

Killeen JP, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Buono C, Griswold W, Rao R, Lenert L: Wireless
computerized rapid triage in the field: How well does technology perfonn during mass
casualty incidents and disaster events? Ann Emerg Med 2006;48(4 Supp l):S69.

116. Vilke GM, Castillo EM, Stepanski BM, Murrin PA, Upledger-Ray L, Metz MA, Chan TC:
San Diego County patient destination trial to decrease ambulance division hours: Three year
follow-up. Ann Emerg Med 2006;48(4 Supp l):S90.
117. Graydon C, Wilson S, Leahy D, Berthiaume S, Buesch B, Stein R, Vilke G, Davis D:
The positive predictive value of paramedic versus emergency physician interpretation of the
prehospital 12-lead ECG. Prehosp Emerg Care 2006; I 0(1 ): 116.
118. Ramanujam P, Stepanski B, Smith A, Upledger-Ray L, Vitke GM. Impact of a state booster
seat law on compliance in pediatric traffic crash victims. Ann Emerg Med 2006; 48(4 Supp
1):S56.
119. Michalewicz BA, Chan TC, Vilke GM, Levy SS, Neuman TS, Kolkhorst FW. Ventilatory
and metabolic demands during aggressive physical restraint in healthy adults. Med Sci
Sports Exerc 2006;38(5) Suppl:S452-S453.
120.

Chan T, Sloane C, Neuman T, Levine S, Castillo E, Vilke G, Bouton K, Kohokorst F. The
impact of the taser weapon on respiratory and ventilatory function in human subjects. Acad
Emerg Med 2007; 14(5 Suppl 1): S 191-192.

121. Buono C, Lyon J, Huang R, Brown S, Liu F, Vilke G, Killeen J, Chan T, Kirsh D, Lenert L.
Does wireless technology improve patient tracking in mass casualty incidents? Acad Emerg
Med 2007; 14(5 Suppl 1): Sl90.
122. Vilke G, Sloane C, Levine S, Neuman T, Castillo E, Chan T. Does the Taser Cause
Electrical Changes in Twelve Lead ECG Monitoring of Human Subjects? Acad Emerg Med
2007; 14(5 Suppl 1): S104.
123. Vilke G, Sloane C, Bouton K, Levine S, Neuman T, Castillo E, Kolkhorst F, Chan T.
Cardiovascular and metabolic effects of the taser on human subjects. Acad Emerg Med
2007; 14(5 Suppl 1): S104-105.

•

124. Sloane C, Vi Ike G, Chan T, Levine S, Dunford J. Serum troponin I measurement of subjects
exposed to the taser x-26. Acad Em erg Med 2007; 14(5 Suppl. 1): SI 03-104 .

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Curriculum Vitae
·Gary M. Vilke, M.O., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATIONS. continued:
Abstracts
125. Bouton KD, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Sloane C, Levine S, Neuman TS, Levy SS, Kolkhorst FW.
Physiological effects of a five second Taser exposure. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007;39(5
Suppl):S323.
126. Firestone D, Band RA, Hollander JE, Castillo EM, Vilke GM. Can Urine Dipstick and Brief
Questionnaire Predict Abnormal Serum Creatinine in Emergency Department Patients? Ann
Emerg Med 2007; 50(3):S24.
127. Vilke GM, Sloane C, Suffecool AC, Neuman TS, Castillo EM, Kolkhorst FW, Chan TC.
Physiologic Effects of the TASER on Human Subjects After Exercise. Ann Emerg Med
2007; 50(3):S55.
128. Chan TC, Killeen JP, Castillo EM, Vilke GM, Guss DA. Impact of Electronic Medication
Reconciliation on Triage Times for Patients Seen in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg
Med 2007; 50(3):S7 l.
129. Marsan Jr RJ, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Davis DP, Stepanski BM. Description and Efficacy of
Treatment of Hemodynamically Significant Bradycardia in a Large, Urban, Pacing-capable
EMS System. Ann Emerg Med 2007; 50(3):S80.
130. Chan TC, Killeen JP, Castillo EM, Vi Ike GM, Kennedy S, FeinbergR, Guss DA. Impact of
an internet based referral appointment system community clinic access and follow-up for ED
patients with no primary care. Acad Emerg Med 2008; 15(5 Suppl I): Sl04.
131. Vilke GM, Sloane CM, Suffecool A, Neuman T, Castillo EM, Kolkhorst F, Chan TC.
Crossover-controlled human study of the physiologic effects of the Taser after vigorous
exercise. Acad Emerg Med 2008; 15(5 Suppl I): S155.
132. Vilke GM, Chan TC, Killeen JP, Castillo EM. Impact of psychiatric patient holds in the
emergency department on overcrowding. Acad Emerg Med 2008; 15(5 Suppl 1): S221.
133. Barnard AC, Sloane C, Vilke GM, Chan TC, Neuman TS, Kolkhorst FW. Physiological
effects of TASER X-26 after intense exercise. Med and Sci in Sports and Exercise 2008;
40(Suppl 5): S475.
134.

Chan TC, Killeen JP, Vilke GM, Guss DA, Jones K, Marshall J, Moore T, Castillo EM.
Impact of mandated nurse-patient ratios on emergency department crowding. Ann Emerg
Med 2008; 52(4):S44.

135.

Davis D, Fong T, Lawrence B, Vilke GM. Psychosocial variables influence the decision to
call 9-1-1 in emergency department patients with abdominal pain. Ann Emerg Med 2008;
52(4):S71.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

PUBLICATIONS, continued:
Abstracts
136.

Bizek G, Castillo EM, Vilke GM, Chan TC. Characteristics and rates ofrewanning of
emergency department patients with moderate to severe accidental hypothermia. Ann Emerg
Med 2008; 52(4):SIOS-6.

137.

Ramanujam P, Castillo EM, Patel E, Vilke GM, Wilson M, Dunford J. Pre hospital
transport time intervals for acute stroke patients. Ann Emerg Med 2008; 52(4):S154.

138.

Vilke GM, Killen J,P, Chan TC, Crumpacker J, Castillo EM; Risk factors and
characteristics of falls among emergency department elderly patients. Ann Emerg Med
2008; 52(4):S160.

139.

Marsan R, Castillo EM, Chan TC, Stepanski B, Vilke GM: Comparison ofprehospital
retrospective chart review to prospectively obtained data. Acad Emerg Med
2009;16(4)Suppl 1: S85-S86.

140.

Killeen D, Killeen J, Castillo EM, Chan TC, Vilke GM: Emergency department patient
evaluation of internet and email access for healthcare infonnation. Acad Emerg Med
2009;16(4)Suppl 1: S132-S133.

141.

Sloane CM, Chan TC, Kohlkorst F, Castillo EM, Neuman T, Vilke GM: Can a restraint
chair cause respiratory or ventilatory compromise? Acad Emerg Med 2009; 16(4)Suppl 1:
S137.

142.

Castillo, EM, Vilke GM, Killeen J, Guss DA, Marshall J, Chan TC: Impact of mandated
nurse-patient ratios on ED medication delivery. Acad Emerg Med 2009;16(4)Suppl 1: SI 57S158.

143.

Slattery D, Pierson B, Stanley K, Vi Ike GM: Bridging the training gap in cardiac arrest:
identification of cardiac arrest decision-making deficits in lay rescuers. Acad Emerg Med
2009;16(4)Suppl 1: Sl82.

144.

Slattery D, Stanley K, Vi Ike GM, Pierson B: non-medical responders are not accurate at
identifying agonal respirations? Acad Emerg Med 2009; 16(4)Suppl 1: S 182.

145.

Castillo EM, Vilke GM, Killeen J, Guss DA, Feinberg R, Friedman L, Chan TC: Factors
associated with community clinic follow-up from an ED internet-based referral system.
Acad EmergMed 2009;16(4)Suppl_l: S247-S248.

146.

Marmon J, Castillo EM, Vilke GM, Killeen J, Chan TC: The effect of admitting team
resident turnover on emergency department patient flow. Acad Emerg Med 2009;16(4)Suppl
1: S257-S258.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

PUBLICATIONS, continued:
Abstracts
147.

Castillo EM, Vilke GM, Williams M, Tumer P, Boyle J, Chan TC. Collaborative to decrease
ambulance diversion: The California ED Diversion Project. Ann Emerg Med 2009;
54(3):S79.

148.

Lev R, Castillo EM, Vilke GM, Chan TC. Multi-center stuqy ofle:(t without treatment rates
from Emergency Departments serving a large metropolitan region. Ann En'ierg Med 2009;
54(3):S86.

149.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Killeen JP, Gus DA, Marshall J, Castillo EM. Impact of mandated
nurse-patient ratios on time to antibiotic administration in the Emergency Department. Ann
Emerg Med 2009; 54(3):897.

150.

Vilke GM, Robertson NB, Castillo EM, Killeen JP, Chan TC. Erythrocyte sedimentation
rate compar.ed to C-reactive protein as a screening marker in the Emergency Department.
Ann Emerg Med 2009; 54(3):S121.

150.

Castillo EM, Chan TC, Luu B, PrabhakarN, Vilke GM. Factors Associated With Injuries
Among Subjects and Deputies During Law Enforcement Use of Force Events. Ann Em erg
Med 201 O; 56(3):S 138:

151.

Wilson MP, MacDonald KS, Vi Ike GM, Feifel D. Potential Complications of Olanzapine
Benzodiazepines Compared to Haloperidol Benzodiazepines In Emergency Department
Patients. Ann Emerg Med 2010; 56(3):S155.

152.

Killeen JP, Castillo EM, Vilke GM, Marshall JB, Chan TC. Impact of Mandated NursePatient Ratios on Emergency Department Discharge Time. Ann Emerg Med 201 O;
56(3):S 182.

153.

Chan TC, Castillo EM, Humber DM, Killeen JP. Frequency of Pham,acy Interventions and
Emergency Overrides Following Implementation of Electronic Pham,acy Review In the
Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 201 O; 56(3):S343.

154.

Chan TC, Castillo EM, Vilke GM, Killeen JP. Do Computerized Medication Alerts Change
Medication Orders ln the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2010; 56(3):S372 .

•
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Curriculum Vitae
GaryM. Vilke, M.D., FACE!>, FAAEM

ORAL PRESENTATIONS AT NATIONAL MEETINGS:
1.

Chan TC, Buchanan J, Anderson M, Vilk;e GM: Patient ethnicity and age in prehospital
emergency ambulance use and acuity rates. NAEMSP Mid-Year Meeting, Lake Tahoe,
Nevada; July 1998.

2.

Vilke GM, Dunford JV, Buchanan J, Chan TC: Are opiate overdose deaths related to patient
release after naloxone? ACEP Research Forum, San Diego, California; October 1998.

3.

Gerling MC, Hamilton RS, Davis DP, Morris OF, Vi Ike GM, Hayden SR: The effects of
cervical spine immobilization on technique and laryngoscope blade selection on an unstable
cervical spine injury in a cadaver model of intubation. ACEP Research Forum, San Diego,
California; October 1998.

4.

Vi Ike GM, Chan TC, Ray LU, Anderson ME: Use of prehospital crash injury data to assess
regional automobile safety restraint use. NAEMSP Annual Meeting, Marcos Island, Florida;
January 1999.

5.

Chew GS, Chan TC, Bramwell K, Davis DP, Vilke GM: Does gastric distention from air
insufflation affect the accuracy of the syringe esophageal detector device in detecting
esophageal intubation? SAEM Western Regional Research Forum, Redondo Beach,
California; March 1999.

6.

Davis DP, Kimbro T, Vi Ike GM: The use of midazolam for prehospital rapid-sequence
intubation may be associated with a dose-related increase in hypotension. NAEMSP Annual
Meeting, Dana Point, California; January 2000.

7.

Marino AT, Sharieff G, Gerhart AE, Chan TC, Vilke GM: The efficacy and coniplication rate
ofprehospit al midazolam for the treatment of pediatric seizures. NAEMSP Annual Meeting,
Dana Point, California; January 2000.

8.

Eisele JW, Chan T, Vilke G, Neuman T, Clausen.J: Effect of weight placed on the back of
subjects in the hobble restraint position. American Academy of Forensic Sciences Annual
Meeting, Reno, Nevada; February 2000.

9.

Chan TC, Vilke GM, Neuman TS, Clark RF, Clausen JL: The effect of oleoresin capsicum
spray inhalation on pulmonary and respiratory function. SAEM Western Regional Research
Forum, Portland, Oregon; April 2000.

10.

Vilke GM, Chan TC, Seltzer A, Fisher R, Dunford JV: Outcome of out-of-hospital refusal
of paramedic transport by parents of pediatric patients. State of California EMS Authority
EMS for Children Annual Conference, San Diego, California; November 2000.

11.

Deitch S, Vilke GM, Marino A, Vroman D, Chan TC: Effect of prehospital use of
nitroglycerine on EKG findings in patients with chest pain. American Academy of
Emergency Medicine Annual Conference, Orlando, Florida; March 2001.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

ORAL PRESENTATIONS AT NATIONAL MEETINGS. continued:
12.

Vilke GM, Steen PJ, Smith AM, Chan TC: Pediatric intubation by paramedics: The San Diego
County experience. SAEM Westem Regional Research Forum, Irvine, California; March 2001.

13.

Davis DP, Ochs M, Hoyt DB, Dunford JV, Vilke GM: The use of the Combitube as a salvage
airway device for paramedic RSI. SAEM Western Regional Research Forum, Irvine,
California; March 2001.

14.

Chan TC, Dunford JV, Vilke GM: Impact ofa community multidisciplinary homeless
outreach team. SAEM Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia; May 2001.

15.

Chan TC, Dunford JV, Vi Ike GM: Impact of a community multidisciplinary homeless
outreach team. CAL/ACEP Scientific Assembly, Santa Clara, California; June 2001.
(Won Award for Best Oral Presentation)

16.

Valentine C, Davis D, Ochs M, Hoyt D, Bailey D, Vilke G: The use of the Combitube as a
salvage airway device for paramedic rapid sequence induction. NAEMSP Annual Meeting,
Tucson, Arizona; January 2002.

17.

Vilke GM, Lev R, Castillo EM, Metz MA, Murrin PA, Chan TC: Prospective countywide
trial to decrease ambulance diversion hours. SAEM Western Regional Meeting, Scottsdale,
Arizona; April 2003.

18.

Vilke GM, Lev R, Castillo EM, Murrin PA, Chan TC: Prospective countywide trial to
decrease ambulance diversion hours. SAEM Annual Meeting, Boston, Massachusetts,
May 2003.

19.

Vilke GM, Lev R, Castillo EM, Metz MA, Murrin PA, Chan TC: San Diego County
improved patient destination trial to decrease emergency department diversion hours and
diverted patients. American College of Emergency Physicians Research Forum, Boston,
Massachusetts; October 2003.

20.

Vilke G, Castillo E, Metz M, MuITin P, Ray LU, Lev R, Chan T: Community trial to decrease
ambulance diversion of patients and hours. NAEMSP National Conference, Tucson, Arizona;
January 2004.

21.

Marcelyn Metz, Patricia MmTin, Gary M. Vi Ike: The three-phase EMS cardiac aITest model
for ventricular fibrillation. ENA Annual Meeting; San Diego, California; October 2004.

22.

Michalewicz, BA, TC Chan, GM Vilke, SS Levy, TS Neuman, and FW Kolkhorst:
Ventilatory and metabolic demands during aggressive physical restraint in healthy adults.
American College of Sports Medicine Annual Meeting, Denver, CO; June 2006. [Medicine
and Science in Sports and Exercise 38(5 Supplement), 2006].

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Case 3:10-cv-00125-RJC-DCK Document 43-3 Filed 02/25/11 Page 66 of 72

Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

SELECTED SPEAKlNG ENGAGEMENTS:
1.

"Death of a Child: How to Treat the Survivors" -- Grand Rounds, Department of Emergency
Medicine, UCSD Medical Center; April 1996.

2.

"Assessing GCS and the Field Neurologic Exam" -- Palomar College Paramedic Training;
June 1998.

3.

"Prehospital Shock"; "Management of the Field Trauma Patient" -- Mercy Air, Ventura
County Lecture Series; August 1998 .

.

4.

"ER: Not Just a Television Show, But a Field of Research" -- Howard Hughes Foundation
Lecture Series, University of California, San Diego; November 1998.

5.

"Multi-Casually Incident" -- UCSD Medical Center Trauma Conference; March 1999.

6.

"Managing the Prehospital Multi-Casualty Incident" -- Southwestern College Paramedic
Training Institute; May 1999.

7.

··Aeromedical Transport: The Past and Current Environment" -- Trauma Morbidity and
Mortality Conference, Children's Hospital, San Diego, California; July 1999.

8.

"Altitude Medicine"; "Carbon Monoxide Poisoning and Treatment Options"; "Aeromedical
Transport Options"; '•Emergent Airway Management Options" -- Rural Emergency Medicine
Conference, Jackson Hole, Wyoming; August 1999.

9.

"Abdominal and Chest Trauma in Sports" -- First Annual San Diego County Athletic Coaches
Workshop, San Diego, California; June 2000.

10.

"Tabletop Discussion on Chemical Weapon of Mass Destruction" -- Facilitator of Tabletop
Training for San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team; July 2000.

11.

"Pediatric JV Access"; "Spinal Immobilization"; "Children with Special Health Care Needs";
"Cardiovascular Emergencies" -- American Academy of Pediatrics Pediatric Education for
Prehospital Professionals Conference, San Diego, California; November 2000.

12.

"New Frontiers in Field Management of Pediatric Status Epilepticus" -- State of California
EMS Authority Annual EMS for Children Conference, San Diego, California; November 2000.

13.

"EMS Medical Control: Avoiding your Day in Court" -- ACEP's Emergency Medicine
Connection Conference, San Diego, California; March 2001.

14.

"Pediatric lntubations by Paramedics" -- San Diego Chapter of the Committee on Pediatric
Emergency Medicine; April 2001.

15.

"Warfare and Terrorism: A Review of Chemical Agents-- San Diego County Metropolitan
Medical Strike Team Training; August 2001.
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Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

SELECTED SPEAKlNG ENGAGEMENTS, continued:

-

16.

"Bioterrorism and San Diego County" -- Council of Community Clinics Meeting;
October 200 I.

17.

"Bioterrorism and San Diego County Readiness" -- CTN interview with Bill Hom;
October 2001.

18.

"Future of Prehospital Care" -- Keynote Speaker, Southwestern Paramedic College
Graduation; November 2001.

19.

"Biological Agents for Terrorism" -- San Diego County Metropolitan Medical Strike Team
Training; November 2001.

20.

"Clinical Aspects ofBioterrorist Agents" -- Palomar Paramedic College; November 2001.

21.

"Clinical Aspects of Bioterrorism" -- Grand Rounds, Fallbrook Hospital; January 2002.

22.

"Bioterrorism and San Diego County Readiness" -- Poway Town Hall Meeting; January 2002.

23.

"Bioterrorist Preparedness" -- National Medical Association, San Diego County; January 2002.

24.

"Chemical Agents of Terrorism: Diagnosis and Treatment" -- Topics and Advances in
Internal Medicine, San Diego, California; March 2002.

25.

"Bioterrorism: Implications for the Legal and Domestic Community" -- Thomas Jefferson
School of Law, San Diego, California; April 2002.

26.

"Prehospital Management of Pediatric Seizures" -- EMS-Children Annual Conference;
San Diego, California; November 2002.

27.

"Paramedicin e- Past, Present and Future" -- Keynote Speaker, Southwestern Paramedic
College Graduation; San Diego, California; December 2002.

28.

"Medical Group Preparedness: How would you Respond to a Possible Victim of
Bioterrorism?" -- Bioterrorism Preparedness Training Conference; Sari Diego California;
January 2003.

29.

"Update on Bioterrorism" -- The Western States Winter Conference on Emergency Medicine;
Park City, Utah; January 2003.

30.

"Academic Emergency Medicine and Research Opportunities" -- San Diego Health
Information Association, San Diego, California; February 11, 2003.

32.

"Blast and Radiological Injuries: Myths and Realities" -- San Diego County Metropolitan
Medical Strike Team Training; San Diego, California; August 2003.

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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

SELECTED SPEAKING ENGAGEMENTS. continued:
33.

34.

"Clinical Aspects ofBioterroism" -- American Correctional Health Services Association,
California and Nevada Chapter Annual Conference, San Diego, California; September 2003.
"Bioterrorism" -- UCSD/SDSU General Preventive Medicine Residency Lecture Series,
Jolla, California; October 2003.
La
·

35.

"Prehospital Pediatric Airway Obstruction" -Children's Hospital Grand Rounds, San Diego,
California; July 2004.

36.

"Future of Healthcare in San Diego: Trends Impacting our Delivery System" -- San Diego
Organization of Healthcare Leaders, San Diego, California; August 2004.

36.

"Firestorm 2003" -- Children's Hospital Grand Rounds, San Diego, California; January 2004.

37.

"EMS research: Unique ethical and regulatory issues" -- Applied Research Ethics National
Association Annual meeting, San Diego, California; October 2004.

38.

"What happens when you call 911 ?" -- San Diego Sports Medicine Foundation, San Diego,
California; October 2004.

39.

"Making the Metropolitan Medical Response System Work for You" -- Emergency Response
2004 Conference, San Diego, California; November 2004.

40.

"San Diego County Emergency Department Ambulance Bypass - Past, Present, Future" -Urgent Matters Briefing, San Diego, California; November 2004.

41.

"San Diego County Emergency Department Ambulance Bypass - Past, Present, and Future" -San Diego Community Emergency Departments, San Diego, California; December 2, 2004.

42.

"Emergency Response Management for Efficiency of Care and Fiscal Consideration" -American Correctional Health Services Association, Oakland, California; April 2, 2005.

43.

"Conducted Energy Devices - Medical Updates and Issues" -- Police Executive Research
Forum, Houston, Texas; October 18, 2005.

44.. "Conducted Energy Devices Proximity Deaths and Medical Response" -- 2005 Critical
Issues in Policing Series, Police Executive Research Forum, San Diego, California;
December 8, 2005.

•

45.

"Conductive Electrical Devices (Tasers®) and Patients with Excited Delirium for Law
Enforcement and Emergency Medical Personnel" -- The U.S. Metropolitan Municipalities
EMS Medical Directors Annual Meeting, Dallas, Texas; Febrnary 16, 2006 .

46.

"Tasers and Sudden Death" -- Keynote speaker at One Day Symposium on In-Custody Deaths
by the Florida Sheriffs Association, Orlando, Florida; June 1, 2006.
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Curriculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

SELECTED SPEAKING ENGAGEMENTS. continued:
47.

"Medical Aspects of the Use of Force Continuum" - :Pepartment ofJustice Community
Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Conference, Washington, DC; July 29, 2006.

48.

"Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium" -- 7th Annual University of California Neurotrauma
Meeting, Cannel, California; August 3, 2006.

49.

"Use of Force: Sudden Death Myths and Excited Delirium" -- The Commission of
Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA) Less Lethal Technology Working
Group Meeting, Washington, DC; September 10, 2006.

50.

"Police In-Custody Deaths and the Taser Controversy'' -- UCSD/SDSU General Preventive
Medicine Residency Lecture Series, La Jolla, California; September 2006.

51.

"Conductive Energy Devices: The medical aspects of Taser Electronic Control Devices
(ECDs) and other Energy Devices" - Sudden Death, Excited Delirium and In-Custody Death
Conference by the Institute for the Prevention of In-Custody Deaths, Inc. Las Vegas, Nevada;
November 16-17, 2006.

52. . "Cardiac, Respiratory and Metabolic Effects of EMD" - Study of Deaths Following Electro
Muscular Disruption, Meeting of the Chief Medical Panel.for the National Institute of Justice.
Washington D.C.; January 9, 2007.

•

53.

"The Medical Implications of Tasers and the Impact on EMS" - National Association of
EMS Physicians National Conference. Naples, FL; January 12, 2007.

54.

"Excited Delirium" - Solutions For Corrections Seminar for the California State Sheriffs
Association. Ontario, CA; February 7, 2007.

55.

"Excited delirium, positional asphyxia and restraint" -- EMS Today Conference, Baltimore,
Maryland; March 10, 2007.

56.

"Medical implications of Tasers and qther Conductive Energy Devices" -- EMS Today
Conference, Baltimore, Maryland; March 10, 2007.

57.

"Excited Delirium" -- American Correctional Health Services Association, Oakland,
California; September 19, 2007.

58.

"Human Physiologic Effects of Tasers" - Study of Deaths Following Electro Muscular
Dismption, Meeting of the Chief Medical Panel for the National Institute of Justice.
Washington D.C.; September 27, 2007.

59. "The clinical impacts ofTASER and other Conductive Energy Devices on Humans: A Review
of the latest Medical Research" - Sudden Death, Excited Delirium and In-Custody Death
Conference by the Institute for the Prevention of ln-Custod y Deaths, Inc. Las Vegas, Nevada;
November28-30, 2007.

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Curriculum Vitae

Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

SELECTED SPEAKING ENGAGEMENTS. continued:

•

60.

"Physiological Effects ofTasers" -The City Council of Miami-Dade. Miami, Florida; January
17, 2008.

61.

"Excited Delirium: What is it'? Why does it kill? What do we need to know about it? Western
States Winter Conference on Emergency Medicine. Park City, Utah, February 8, 2008.

62.

"Medical Effects ofTasers" -The City Council of Houston. Houston, Texas; March 10, 2008.

63.

"Less Lethal Weapons" - Emergency Nurses Association, San Diego Chapter. San Diego,
California; April 18, 2008.

64.

"The Clinical Impacts of TA SER and other Conductive Energy Devices on Humans and Why
People Die Afterwards" -- American Con-ectional Health Services Association, San Diego,
California; September 17, 2008.

65.

"Police In-Custody Deaths and Excited Delirium" -- UCSD/SDSU General Preventive
Medicine Residency Lecture Series, La Jolla, California; October 2008.

66.

"The Clinical Impacts ofTASER and other Conductive Energy Devices on Humans" Sudden Death, Excited Delirium and In-Custody Death Conference by the Institute for the
Prevention ofln-Custody Deaths, Inc. Las Vegas, Nevada; October 29, 2008.

67.

"Agitated Delirium - Role oflllicit Drug Use in Sudden Restraint Death" Western Medical
Toxicology Fellowship Conference. San Diego, California; April 29, 2009.

68.

"Conducted Energy Devices: Are They Safe Options?" Excited Delirium Conference by the
Canadian Institute for the Prevention of In-Custody Deaths, Inc. Niagara F<!lls, Canada; May
26, 2009.

69.

"The Physiologic Effects of the Taser on Humans" UCSD Biomedical and Clinical Research
Seminars. San Diego, California; June 2, 2009.

70.

"The Taser-Plastic Surgery ]nterface" UCSD Department of Plastic Surgery Grand Rounds.
San Diego, California; June 17, 2009.

71.

"ECD Research Update and Safety Issues" - Sudden Death, Excited Delirium and In-Custody
Death Conference by the Institute for the Prevention ofJn-Custody Deaths, Inc. Las Vegas,
Nevada; November 12, 2009.

72. "Use of the Restraint Chair and Positional Asphyxia" - Southern California Jail Manager's
Association. Temecula, California; January 21, 2010 .
73.

"Excited Delirium and TASERs: What Physicians Need to Know" - Grand Rounds Scripps
Encinitas Hospital. Encinitas, California; July 15, 2010.

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Cun·iculum Vitae
Gary M. Vilke, M.D., FACEP, FAAEM

-

74. "Excited Delirium and TASERs: What Physicians Need to Know" - Grand Rounds University
Medical Center. Las Vegas Nevada; August 10, 2010 .

•
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